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STAY CLEAN Kaltham Al-Kuwari Science 7D BACTERIA Bacteria are tiny living beings (microorganisms) they are neither plants nor animals - they belong to a group all by themselves. Bacteria are tiny single-cell microorganisms, usually a few micrometers in length that normally exist together in millions. • • Bacteria can be found in: • Soil • Radioactive waste • Water • Plants • Animals • Deep in the earth's crust • Organic material • Arctic ice • Glaciers • Hot springs The stratosphere (between 6 to 30 miles up in the atmosphere) Ocean depths - they have been found deep in ocean canyons and trenches over 32,800 feet (10,000 meters) deep. They live in total darkness by thermal vents at incredible pressure. They make their own food by oxidizing sulfur that oozes from deep inside the earth. CONDITIONS BACTERIA GROW IN Bacteria are everywhere. Most bacteria are useful like those used in the production of yogurt, cheese and sourdough bread, but some are very harmful. These harmful bacteria are called pathogenic bacteria; that is they make people sick. Although, they can be found in: • Food • Acidity • Temperature • Time • Oxygen • Moisture VIRUSES Viruses are too small to be seen by the naked eye. They can't multiply on their own, so they have to invade a 'host' cell and take over it in order to be able to make more virus particles. Infections with viruses and bacteria spread by: • A person with a cold can spread the infection by coughing and/or sneezing. • Touching or shaking hands with another person. • Touching food with dirty hands will also allow viruses or bacteria from the intestine to spread. • Body fluids, such a blood, saliva and semen, can contain the infecting organisms of such fluids, for example by injection or sexual contact. UNDER THE MICROSCOPE AVOID VIRUSES AND BACTERIA • Wash your hands thoroughly (often one of the best ways to avoid catching a cold). • Shaking hands with someone who has a cold is risky, so avoid rubbing your eyes or nose afterwards. • Food should be cooked or cooled down as quickly as possible. • Vegetables and meat must be stored separately and prepared on separate chopping boards. • Meat should preferably be served well-done. • Remember that food with these invisible organisms does not necessarily smell bad. BIBLIOGRAPHY http://www.preparednesspro.com/wp-content/uploads/2011/02/SafetecHandSanitizer-photo-co-westernsafetycom.jpg http://www.medicalnewstoday.com/articles/157973.php http://www.bevpease.force9.co.uk/p.Bacteria_files/image002.gif http://www.bbq-brethren.com/forum/archive/index.php/t-17929.html http://blog.hailmerry.com/wp-content/uploads/2012/10/Bacteria.jpg http://www.netdoctor.co.uk/health_advice/facts/virusbacteria.htm http://cdn.medgadget.com/img/76546bac.jpg http://www.foxnews.com/images/339466/4_61_bacteria_e_coli.jpg http://i.istockimg.com/file_thumbview_approve/3731224/2/stock-photo-3731224-bacteria-under-microscope.jpg http://www.bacteriamicroscopes.com/images/bacteria1.jpg http://weboflife.nasa.gov/images/blustein3.jpg
