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Transcript
Defining “culture” and cultural anthropology Howard Culbertson Southern Nazarene University Cultural Anthropology -- an academic discipline Culture is what makes you a stranger when you are away from home Culture: a set of rules or standards that produce behavior that falls within a range of variance a society considers proper and acceptable -- William Haviland Culture is a complex, integrated coping mechanism. Culture consists of 1. Learned concepts and behavior 2. Underlying perspectives (worldview) 3. Resulting products • nonmaterial (customs and rituals) • material (artifacts) Cultural anthropology is concerned with: ( we’ll now look at 14 categories or items studied by cultural anthropologists) 1. Perspective • • • • • • Holistic (as opposed to atomistic or narrow) Comparative The gamut from relativism to ethnocentrism Get your hands dirty (fieldwork) Etic (from outsider’s vantage point) Emic (from an insider’s vantage point) 2. Material artifacts 3. Communication Symbols, language and media 4. Status, roles, relationships 5. Life cycle (birth, naming, coming of age, anniversaries, death, ancestorhood) 6. Societal groups social classes, economic stratification, ethnicity 7. Marriage and family 8. Child rearing and personality formation 9. Kinship / descent systems 10. Economics distribution of goods and services 11. Legal systems Norms, customs, laws 12. Political organization Leadership / decision making 13. Religion Worldview, beliefs and ritual practices 14. Expressive arts 15. Sociocultural change Defining “culture”