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Chapter 3 HD
Biological Beginnings
Genetics

The study of how traits are passed from
one generation to the next
Each body is made up of billions of
cells
Each cell contains 46 chromosomes
 (except the reproductive gametes have 23)
 Each chromosome contains genes
 Genes are laid in rodlike pairs side by side
and called chromosomes (one gene from
mom; one from dad)
 Each gene contains long sequences of DNA
(a ladder-like, spiral staircase structure that
forms the genes)

Genoid Activity
Chromosomal Abnormalities
Down Syndrome
 Klinefelter Syndrome/Turner Syndrome
 Prader-Willi Syndrome
 Angelman Syndrome

Genetic Defects
Neurofibromatosis-tumors in the central
nervous system
 Huntington Disease-progressive CNS
 Phenylketonuria (Celtic people)
 Sickle Cell Disease (African descent)
 Tay-Sachs (Jews from eastern Europe)
 Thalassemia (Greek/Italian)
 Duchenne Muscular Dystrophy

Avoid Harmful Substances
Alcohol
 Nicotine
 Marijuana
 Cocaine
 Heroin
 HIV/AIDS-children may get the virus from
the mother

Next meeting:
We will look at genetic defects in children
 Read Ch. 3 in Miller and Sammons
