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Genetic Testing Jeopardy! Waterford Union High School Rules • Each team sends one person per turn. They cannot get help from their team • First to “buzz” in gets 15 seconds to answer. • If the first person to buzz cannot get the answer, the second team can buzz in. Once they buzz in, they too have 15 seconds. They also cannot get help. • You either gain or lose points on each turn. • If no team buzzes within 10 seconds, the question ends and the answer is given. Sanger Method PCR Electroph. DNA FP’s & RFA Southern Blotting ELISA This & That $100 $100 $100 $100 $100 $100 $200 $200 $200 $200 $200 $200 $300 $300 $300 $300 $300 $300 $400 $400 $400 $400 $400 $400 $500 $500 $500 $500 $500 $500 Sanger Method • This is a “fake” nucleotide that is dyed and allows DNA to be read letter by letter by stopping the addition of bases at random points • ddNTPs Sanger Method • This separates the DNA fragments from longest to shortest • Electrophoresis Gel Sanger Method • These are the kind of cells we’d use to sequence DNA in most cases • White blood cells Sanger Method • These are the portions of DNA that code for actual genes and have an Open Reading Frame • Exons Sanger Method • This is what is used to replicate the DNA for the Sanger Method • E. coli PCR Electrophoresis • These are the regions of DNA that have random repeats of short sequences of bases • STRs PCR Electrophoresis • Based on the information in the table below, this suspect’s DNA was found at the scene of the crime • Suspect 2 PCR Electrophoresis • This is the enzyme taken from hot springs that is used in PCR to make copies of DNA in a heating/cooling environment like that of PCR • Taq polymerase PCR Electrophoresis • DNA is denatured in PCR using this • Heat PCR Electrophoresis • This is the term for the process of separating DNA fragments after they’ve been cut and amplified • Electrophoresis DNA Fingerprints & Restriction Fragment Analysis • This is when variations in a person’s DNA are examined to determine what aspects are unique to an individual • DNA Fingerprinting DNA Fingerprints & Restriction Fragment Analysis • This where patterns created by cut DNA in a gel are examined to determine the source of DNA, paternity, or diagnose a disease. • Restriction Fragment Analysis DNA Fingerprints & Restriction Fragment Analysis • This kind of DNA is used to create the DNA Fingerprint because it contains the most variability and STRs • Introns DNA Fingerprints & Restriction Fragment Analysis • Human DNA is ___% the same from person to person • 99.9 DNA Fingerprints & Restriction Fragment Analysis • This is necessary to see the DNA after it is run through a gel • Dying Southern Blotting • This is the genetic test we’d use to diagnose a genetic disease • Southern Blotting Southern Blotting • To conduct Southern Blotting, we’d use this to transfer DNA from the gel. • A membrane Southern Blotting • To conduct Southern Blotting, we’d use this to find a specific gene in question due to the fact that this has a complementary sequence to that DNA • Probe Southern Blotting • A probe will usually do this if a gene is present • Glow (bioluminescence) Southern Blotting • Southern Blotting does not work for this kind of disease • Infectious ELISA • This is the kind of test we’d use for infectious disease. • ELISA ELISA • ELISA can detect infectious disease by looking for this substance • Proteins (or antibodies) ELISA • These are produced to identify substances in your body • Antibodies ELISA • These are recognized by antibodies and are a sign of a disease in the body • Antigens ELISA • During ELISA, if a disease is present, the blood sample will ______ • Show a color This & That • This is the kind of DNA that codes for a protein • Exon This & That • This is the kind of DNA that does not code for a protein • Intron This & That • This is how we know if a stretch of DNA is an exon or an intron • Open Reading Frame This & That • This is the term for an antibody generator • Antigen This & That • This is the enzyme that cuts DNA • Restriction enzyme