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Natural
Selection
Evidence for
Evolution
(100-300
only)
Speciation
Taxonomy
100
100
100
100
200
200
200
200
300
300
300
300
400
400
400
500
500
Evolution 100
Caytonia is an extinct plant that existed between
200 and 140 million years ago. It had
reproductive structures that resemble
structures in modern flowering plants. How
do scientists know about the structures of
this extinct plant?
a.
b.
c.
d.
Scientists study the DNA sequences of
Caytonia
Scientists genetically engineer modern
plants to produce Caytonia
Scientists excavate and examine the
fossilized remains of Caytonia
Scientists observe the adaptations of plants
in habitats resembling those of Caytonia
Evolution 200
•
European rabbits were introduced to Australia in
1859. The rabbits reproduced rapidly in their new
habitat, displaced other animals, and overgrazed
vegetation. In an attempt to reduce the rabbit
population, a virus was introduced in 1951. This virus
is usually deadly to European rabbits. When the virus
was first introduced, the rabbits died in large
numbers, but the death rate decreased over time.
Which of the following best explains the decrease in
the rabbit death rate?
a.
b.
c.
Young rabbits learned to avoid being infected with this virus.
Natural selection favored rabbits that are resistant to this virus.
The lifespan of this virus is too short to affect rabbits over a long
period of time
The rabbits that were originally infected with this virus have
been dead for many years.
d.
Evolution 300
In a mouse population inhabiting a grassland
area, a mutation occurs that results in a new
coat color allele. Which of the following
factors has the greatest effect on whether
the new coat color will become more
common in the mouse population?
a. whether abundant food is available in the
grassland
b. whether the new coat color allele is dominant
or recessive
c. whether the rate of reproduction in the
mouse population is stable
d. whether the new coat color allele increases the
survival of mice in their environment
Evolution 400
Similar structures are present in the embryos of
fish, chickens, and rabbits. In fish, these
structures develop into gills, but in chickens
and rabbits, they either disappear or develop
into other body parts later in embryonic
development. Which of the statements below
best explains the presence of these
structures in the embryos of all three
species?
a. The embryos of the three species are similar
in size
b. Breathing structures are similar among the
young of the three species
c. The three species have a common ancestor
with these embryonic structures.
d. The reproductive mechanisms are similar
among the adults of the different species
Evolution 500
Fossils show vestigial pelvic bones of some modern
day baleen whales and vestigial hind limb bones
of many extinct whale species. The presence of
these bones in the baleen whale and extinct
whale provides evidence of which of the
following?
a. Whales can travel on land when necessary
b. Whales evolved from four-legged animals
c. Whales have functional legs that are hidden by
fat and skin
d. Whales are developing into animals with four
functioning limbs
Evolution 100
Some willow trees alter the chemical composition of their
leaves when attacked by caterpillars. Compared to
normal leaves, the chemically altered leaves are less
nutritious and are more difficult for caterpillars to
digest. Which of the following is a likely effect of this
ability to alter leaf composition?
a) Willow trees with this ability will attract more
caterpillars than other willow trees
b) Willow trees with this ability will have a survival
advantage over other willow trees
c) More butterflies will lay their eggs on willow trees
with this ability than on other willow trees.
d) Caterpillars that feed on willow trees with this ability
will be larger than caterpillars on other willow trees.
Evolution 200
There are two types of modern whales: toothed whales
and baleen whales. Baleen whales filter plankton from
the water using baleen, plates made of fibrous
proteins that grow from the roof of their mouths. The
embryos of baleen whales have teeth in their upper
jaws. As the embryos develop, the teeth are replaced
with baleen. Which of the following conclusions is
best supported by this information?
a)
b)
c)
d)
Primitive whales had teeth as adults
Toothed whales descended from baleen whales
Baleen whales are evolving into toothed whales.
Descendants of modern baleen whales will have both
teeth and baleen as adults
Evolution 300
During the fall reproductive season, the belly of a male
brook trout becomes bright orange. The orange belly
provides some camouflage and helps attract females.
This trait evolved in brook trout because, compared
to males with pale bellies, males with bright orange
bellies are more likely to
a) live in good habitats
b) be eaten by predators
c) mate with other species of fish
d) fertilize eggs to produce offspring
Transcription 400
QuickTime™ and a
TIFF (Uncompressed) decompressor
are needed to see this picture.
Transcription 500
Speciation 100
The first step in the formation of new species is:
a) isolation of different parts of a population
b) Changes in the gene pool
c) Inability to produce fertile offspring with
each other
Speciation 200
When a population is separated by a river,
mountain range, or ocean it is referred
to as:
a) Temporal isolation
b) Reproductive isolation
c) Geographic isolation
d) Behavioral isolation
Speciation 300
There are many different types of field crickets in the
northeastern US. One type breeds in the spring
and another cricket breeds only in the fall. This
is an example of:
a) Temporal isolation
b) Behavioral isolation
c) Geographic isolation
d) All of the above
Speciation 400
Which of the following statements about gene pools are
correct?
a) Small gene pools offer more genetic diversity
b) There is a better chance of finding beneficial genes in a
large gene pool
c) Small gene pools enable a population to better survive a
climate change or disease
d) Dominant alleles are always more common in any gene
pool
Speciation 500
On island chains like the one shown
to the right, animal populations that spread
from the main island to the other islands
can evolve into separate species.
Which of the following best explains
how speciation can occur in these
situations?
QuickTime™ and a
TIFF (Uncompressed) decompressor
are needed to see this picture.
a) predators on the main island can easily migrate to follow the
populations to the other islands
b) Lack of disease on the other islands enables the populations to
grow and change without limit
c) The physical separation of the islands limits gene flow and
interbreeding between the populations
d) The climatic conditions of the islands allow the populations to
breed all year and produce several generations
Taxonomy 100
QuickTime™ and a
TIFF (U ncompressed) decompressor
are needed to see this picture.
Based on the information above, which two
mammals are the most closely related:
a) 1 and 2
b) 2 and 4
c) 3 and 4
d) 1 and 3
Taxonomy 200
Blue jays and the kingbirds are both classified
in the order Passeriformes. In the current
taxonomic system, this means that the two
types of birds must also belong to the same
a) family
b) genus
c) phylum
d) species
Misc 300
Which of the following mutations in the DNA code TACGGATCT
would result in the greatest change in the protein that would
result?
a.
Changing the first T to a C
b.
Inserting a G between the first two bases
c.
Changing the third base to a T
d.
Switching the last base from a T to an A
Misc 400
If a DNA segment is changed from ATTGTGCCG to
ACTTGTGCCG what type of mutation has
occurred?
a) Point mutation
b) Deletion
c) Insertion
d) There is no mutation
Misc 500