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Dynamics of the amphibian chytrid fungus (Batrachochytrium
Dynamics of the amphibian chytrid fungus (Batrachochytrium

... and Bd zoospores move downstream. However, not all areas of lowland rainforest are contiguous with the uplands. There are isolated rainforest patches, with no connection to high-elevation streams, where Bd is present and experiences a different set of environmental conditions to much of the rest of ...
pdf - University Of Nigeria Nsukka
pdf - University Of Nigeria Nsukka

... Intermediate hosts are usually necessary for the transmission of cestode infections and insects which are a group of arthropods, constitute a greater population of such intermediate hosts. Many of these insects are common in the environment, in and around poultry houses as well as in poultry feed an ...
Intraspecific Morphological Variation in Two Common Marine Fish
Intraspecific Morphological Variation in Two Common Marine Fish

... marine systems is that it is assumed that there are fewer barriers to gene flow than in freshwater systems [31, 32]. Without physical barriers to gene flow there is less opportunity for local adaptation to occur which could result in more homogenous populations. Another reason intraspecific morpholo ...
The evolution of non-maternal caretaking among anthropoid
The evolution of non-maternal caretaking among anthropoid

... abuse undoubtedly represents an important cost to mothers in many cases (Silk 1980; Maestripieri 1994), the benefits obtained via allocaretaking may outweigh these costs in certain situations. By providing relief from parental duties, non-maternal care may permit mothers to adjust their efforts to p ...
I. Sponges (briefly)
I. Sponges (briefly)

... zooxanthellae and which species have zooxanthellae? What do the zooxanthellae provide to ...
COGNITIVE SCIENCE
COGNITIVE SCIENCE

... involve cognitive adaptations, that is, adaptive mechanisms that work by empowering individual organisms to make behavioral decisions based on mentally represented information. Cognitive mechanisms of this type are typically not studied by behavioral biologists and physical anthropologists, and inde ...
OIMB GK12 Curriculum CETACEAN INTRODUCTION AND
OIMB GK12 Curriculum CETACEAN INTRODUCTION AND

... Toothed whales use their teeth to help capture prey, but generally swallow their prey whole (fish and squid). Because prey of toothed whales is often larger and more mobile, their feeding often requires more co-operation and learning. This might be one reason why the young of many toothed whale spec ...
title of lesson plan - Discovery Education
title of lesson plan - Discovery Education

... ventured back to the sea. What are some possible explanations for this migration back to the marine environment? 5. What adaptations were necessary for the evolution from land mammals to marine mammals? 6. How does the social structure differ between the dolphins and larger baleen whales? 7. What ar ...
Lophotrochozoa
Lophotrochozoa

... Rotifers are named for their characteristic ciliated crown or corona, which when it beats looks like a rotating wheel. Rotifers are tiny animals (most are 100-300µm long and the largest only 3mm long) the majority of which live in freshwater and are benthic inhabitants (live on the bottom). About 20 ...
Behavior History Form - Kingsbury Animal Hospital
Behavior History Form - Kingsbury Animal Hospital

... owner (female) ...
Humpback Whale Fast Facts
Humpback Whale Fast Facts

... Adult female humpback whales grow up to 15m, slightly longer than adult male humpback whales. n  Humpback whale arteries are large enough for humans to crawl through! ...
Bryde`s Whales - Auckland Council
Bryde`s Whales - Auckland Council

... the designation Hauraki Gulf Marine Park. Among these features is an unusual diversity and abundance of marine mammals. Most frequently encountered around the Hauraki Gulf are common dolphins, sometimes in groups of hundreds, and pods of bottlenose dolphins and killer whales. Around 20 species of wh ...
Life History Patterns and the Comparative Social Ecology of
Life History Patterns and the Comparative Social Ecology of

... weaning age) and certain taxa are overrepresented in the available data (e.g. Canidae), the following variables have been consistently measured in both captive and natural populations: gestation length, birth weight, litter size, age at weaning, age at sexual maturity (i.e. at first reproduction), a ...
Isopod Behavior - The Biology Corner
Isopod Behavior - The Biology Corner

... related to lobsters, crabs, and shrimp and terrestrial isopods breathe with gills. While they look similar, sow bugs are different from pill bugs. Pill bugs will curl into a ball when threatened whereas sow bugs will attempt to flee. Since your isopods are caught from the wild, make sure you are usi ...
Macroevolution - Park University
Macroevolution - Park University

... “Macroevolution and microevolution are parts of a continuum that are distinguished more by the scale of time on which they are studied. Macroevolution, generally speaking, is what paleontologists study on time scales of thousands to millions of generations. Macroevolution is evolution that happens o ...
Snake Field Trip Experience
Snake Field Trip Experience

... Today, we will be collecting data on two different aspects of snake biology: their ecological dispersion, and whether their escape behavior is linked to their morphology, as theory would predict. Before heading for the field, brainstorm in groups of 3-4 what you would predict would happen. What type ...
What is ecology? - Desert Mountain 8th Grade
What is ecology? - Desert Mountain 8th Grade

... and stretch out for maximum exposure. If it gets too warm, lizards alternate between sun and shade. – Amphibians warm up by moving into the sun or diving into warm water. They cool off by entering the shade. ...
English
English

... Whether it migrates seasonally into and out of the region remains to be discovered. Two other species that are regular non-residents, the humpback whale (Megaptera novaeangliae) and the common minke whale (B. acutorostrata), are considered seasonal migrants at the winter (breeding) end of their annu ...
A View of Life
A View of Life

...  Females benefit from selective choice by securing sperm with good genes. – Run-Away Hypothesis  Females choose mates on the basis of traits that make them attractive to females. Mader: Biology 8th Ed. ...
cns - neuron signaling (6)
cns - neuron signaling (6)

... Rhodes, J. S., G. R. Hosack, I. Girard, A. E. Kelley, G. S. Mitchell, and T. Garland Jr.. 2001. Differential sensitivity to acute administration of cocaine, GBR 12909, and fluoxetine in mice selectively bred for hyperactive wheel-running behavior. Psychopharmacology 158:120–131. Rhodes, J. S. and T ...
Chapter 51 Presentation
Chapter 51 Presentation

... A female that mates with males that are attractive to other females may increase the probability that her male offspring will also be attractive and have a high reproductive success. travismulthaupt.com ...
Content Area: Zoology
Content Area: Zoology

... Sample Performance Assessment (SPA) ...
3-2 ch4
3-2 ch4

... Contrast: Coevolution, convergent evolution, divergent evolution, artificial selection, and behavioral selection with examples Evidence of Evolution: Homologous and Analogous Structures Homologous structures: features in different species that are from a shared ancestor. Features can look similar bu ...
Social Play in Coyotes, Wolves, and Dogs
Social Play in Coyotes, Wolves, and Dogs

... The animals, which were observed in pairs, were hand-reared from approximately 10 days of age and were all treated similarly. Earlier observations by Fox and Clark (1971) on coyotes had indicated that animals given only 15 minutes of interaction per day with a littermate followed the same course of ...
4.6.05 - El Camino College
4.6.05 - El Camino College

... • Inclusive fitness is measured by the genes an individual contributes to the next generation, either directly by offspring or indirectly by way of relatives. • Many of the behaviors once thought to be altruistic turn out to be examples of indirect selection and are adaptive. ...
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Cultural transmission in animals

Cultural transmission, also known as cultural learning, is the process and method of passing on socially learned information. Within a species, cultural transmission is greatly influenced by how adults socialize with each other and with their young. Differences in cultural transmission across species have been thought to be largely affected by external factors, such as the physical environment, that may lead an individual to interpret a traditional concept in a novel way. The environmental stimuli that contribute to this variance can include climate, migration patterns, conflict, suitability for survival, and endemic pathogens. Cultural transmission is hypothesized to be a critical process for maintaining behavioral characteristics in both humans and nonhuman animals over time, and its existence relies on innovation, imitation, and communication to create and propagate various aspects of animal behavior seen today.
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