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CHAPTER II
STATUS OF NUTRITION
The Definiton Of Status Of
Nutrition
Nutritional status is an expression of one
or more aspects of nutriture an individual
in a variable

Meanwhile, according to Gibson (1990)
states the nutritional status is a state
body that is the end result of a balance of
nutrients that enter into the body and
utilization.
Based on the classification of Harvard
University, the state of child nutrition are
classified,namely:
 a. over weight
b. Good nutrition (well nourished)
c. Malnutrition (under weight), which
includes lack of calories and protein
(NOA) level I and II

Types of Nutritional Status
Parameters
1.Age
Based on the Center for Nutrition Bogor (1980),
age limit used was a full year and for children 024 months are used in full.
4 months 5 days counted 4 months
3 months 27 days counted 3 months
II. Weight Loss

Weight determination was done by
weighing.The tools used should meet the
following requirements: (1) Easy to use and
carried from one place to another, (2) Easily
obtained and relatively inexpensive price, (3)
Accuracy of a maximum weighing 0.1 kg, (4)
readability scale , (5) Safe to weigh toddlers
III. Height

Height is the anthropometric measure both
quite important.special of this measure is that
size would increase height growth continues
at a time until it reaches an optimal height.

the height can be calculated by comparison of
body weight and can override the age.
IV. Head Circumference

is used to determine intracranial volume
and used to estimate the growth of the
brain.
V. Upper Arm Circumference

This measurement reflects the growth
and development of fat and muscle tissue
that is not affected much by the state of
body fluids than weight
Standard Tables Upper Arm
Circumference (lla) by Age
Age
Year
0
0
1
2
3
4
5
Month
6-8
9-11
-
Standart
(Cm)
85% (Cm)
14,75
15,10
16,00
16,25
16,50
16,75
17,00
12,50
13,25
13,50
13,75
14,00
14,25
14,50
70% (Cm)
10,50
11,00
11,25
11,50
11,60
11,75
12,00
VI. Skin folds

Skinfold thickness of triceps and
subscapular section describes the
reflection of the body develop fat tissue
under the skin, which reflects the
adequacy of energy (Soetjiningsih, 1998).
CHAPTER III
Nutritional Status Assessment
A.Direct assessment
Assessment of nutritional status is directly
divided into four assessments of
anthropometric, clinical, biochemical, and
biophysical. The valuation of each is as
follows (Supariasa, et al, 2001):
Anthropometrics
In general, the significant size of the human
body. Nutritional anthropometry associated
with various kinds of measuring body
dimensions and body composition of various
age levels and nutrient levels.
Infant and child anthropometry

• BW / U
• BB / PB or BB / TB
• PB / U
• composite index, BB / U, BB / TB, TB / U
• Index LILA
• LK / U
• TLBK
Anthropometry in adults
1. Body Mass Index
IMT = BB(kg)/ TB (m)2
 Categories:
 <17, very thin
 17 to 18.4, skinny
 18.5 to 25, normal
 25.1 to 27, obese
 > 27, obese

2. Broca method
 A person classified as obese if the weight of
30% above ideal weight
 Normal weight = (TB (cm) - 100) kg
 Ideal body weight = 0.9 x BBnormal

3. Percentage Body Fat(PBF)
 Density of body fat:
 Male = 1.15810 - 0.0720 E
 Women = 1.16610 - 0.0632 E
 E = the final results of the measurement of fat
in the biceps, triceps, subscapular, suprailiaka
 PFB: = ((4.95 / D) x 4.5) 100%


A.2. Clinical
• Assessment of nutritional status by looking at
medical history and physical examination
• Used to detect signs and symptoms of
malnutrition

A.3. Biochemistry
Detecting subclinical deficiency
1. how laboratory / biochemical test static
2. Supported functional impairment testing,
measuring the size of the functional
consequences of a specific nutrient

A.4 Biophysical

Determination of nutrients in biophysics is a
method of determining the nutritional status
by looking at the ability of function,
particularly the network, and view changes in
tissue structure.

B. Indirect assessment

Assessment of nutritional status indirectly divided
into 3 namely: food consumption survey, vital
statistics, and ecological factors (Supariasa,
2001).The description of these three things are:
B.1 Survey of food consumption
It is a method of determining the nutritional status indirectly by looking at
the number and types of nutrients consumed.
1. 24-hour recall method
2. Food record
3. Weighting method
4. Food frequency questionnary
5. Dietary history


B.2. Vital Statistics
Is to analyze the data some health statistics like
mortality rates by age, morbidity and deaths from
specific causes and other data relating to
nutrition.
B.3. Ecology

Based on the expression of Bengoa said that
malnutrition is a problem of ecology as a
result of interaction of several physical
factors, biological, and cultural
environments.The amount of food available
depends on the ecological circumstances
such as climate, soil, irrigation, etc.
QUALITY PROTEIN NUTRITION
 • Fitting AAE Content
• Amino Acid Scoring
• Protein Efficiency Ratio Per
• Net Protein Utilization
• NDpcals%
