Download A holistic approach identifies targets to reduce chronic diet

A holistic approach identifies targets to reduce chronic diet-related disease
prevalence: an exhaustive review of pooled and meta-analyses
Anthony Fardet
INRA & Auvergne University, France
Abstract
In nutritional researches, analyzing the relationships between food groups, diet-related chronic diseases (DRCDs) and/or
impaired metabolism is a common reductionist approach. However, to determine the sequential changes from deregulated
metabolisms to diseases and to unravel solid associations between food group consumption and disease risks, there is a need
for more holistic approaches. Our objective was to objectively assess the relationships between main food groups/beverages,
DRCDs and deregulated metabolisms. Exhaustive data were extracted from articles collected between 1950 and 2011. 2950
articles have been selected, analyzed and classified according to the studied associations: 10 DRCDs vs. 10 deregulated
metabolisms, DRCDs vs. DRCDs, and DRCDs vs. 17 food groups/beverages. For each association, the number of articles was
counted and main tendencies were unraveled. Priority was given to quantitative reviews. Diabetes and obesity are key
diseases that lead to all other DRCD, while cancer, cardiovascular diseases, skeletal and muscle diseases are terminal ones.
Liver diseases, kidney diseases, digestive diseases and mental illnesses are both consequences and causes of the others. All
diseases have multi-factorial causes, and most result from impaired antioxidant/ inflammatory/acido-basic status,
carbohydrate/lipid/one-carbon metabolism, neuron functioning, DNA transcription, blood pressure and/or digestive
microflora. Grain products are promising foods for preventing DRCD risks, more than fruits and vegetables. Plant-based food
groups are more protective than animal-based one. Our work also emphasizes the directions for future targeted researches.
Nutritional strategies focusing on obesity and diabetes prevention should be prioritized to reduce other major chronic diseases
prevalence, and grain-based foods consumption should be encouraged. These data demonstrate that translational and in biblio
researches are now necessary to face the exponential amount of nutritional data published every year and to search for
trajectory associations among the system complexity.
Biography
Anthony Fardet has completed his Ph.D at the age of 28 years from Aix-Marseille University and postdoctoral studies at
Danone Company. He is scientist researcher at the Unit of Human Nutrition, specialized in health potential of grain products
and plant bioactive compounds for preventive nutrition. He has published around 20 papers in reputed journals and serving as
an editorial board member of Food Science and Nutrition journal. He is expert at French Agency for Food, Environmental and
Occupational Health & Safety in the Nutrition Committee and is working on the updating of the benchmarks for French
National Health & Nutrition Program.
http://www.omicsgroup.com/conferences/nutritional-science-therapy-2013/