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Ch. 5.4: Proteins Objectives: 1)List the functions of proteins. 2)Describe the structure of amino acids and proteins. 3)Describe factors that influence protein shape. Vocabulary: Protein Amino acid Polypeptide Denaturation Protein Functions • • • • • Provide structure for hair, fur Make up muscles Long term nutrient storage Antibodies (immune responses) Enzymes - facilitate chemical reactions in cells/body Monomer Units: Amino Acids 20 naturally occurring All have: Amino group (-NH2); Carboxyl group (-COOH); and Hydrogen bonded to a central carbon R group = side group; different for each a.acid tyrosine Polymers: Polypeptides Amino acids join to build polypeptides through DEHYDRATION SYNTHESIS. Peptide bonds = covalent bonds that link amino acids Polypeptide Shape & Structure Polypeptide = long chain of amino acids 1 or more polypep. chains = Protein Shape based on… 1. Amino acid sequence (interxns b/w a.acids) 2. Environment a. Hydrophobic parts on interior; Hydrophilic parts on exterior b. Temperature & pH Denaturation = Proteins UNRAVEL/UNFOLD in response to changes in TEMP., pH, etc. (interfere with weak bonds that give proteins their shape). Proteins stop functioning! Protein shape is important to fxn!