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STARTS WITH REVIEW C for . . . Life’s fundamental unit of structure and function C___________ ell Ion with a + charge ation C___________ Steroid that forms an essential component in animal cell membranes and acts as a precursor for the synthesis of many steroid hormones holesterol C___________ Water impermeable ring in the endodermal cells of plants that blocks passive flow of water through the apoplast and sends it into the xylem asparian strip C___________ Pattern of evolution in which two symbiotic organisms evolve together EX: Seen in flowers and their insect pollinators oevolution C___________ Evolution pattern shown by dolphins, penguins, and sharks which are distantly related but share similar characteristics which help them live in water onvergent C________ evolution Idea that all species are derived from common ancestors linked by a single “tree of life” ommon descent C___________ Diagram that shows evolutionary relationships ladogram C___________ Polysaccharide with nitrogen groups attached found in the exoskeletons of arthropods and cell walls of fungi hitin C___________ Type of non-Mendelian inheritance shown A and B blood type alleles odominance C___________ Main photosynthetic pigment in green plants C___________ hlorophyll Concentration of sense organs and nervous tissue at the anterior end of an organism ephalization C___________ K arrying capacity C___________ Includes G1, S, G2, mitosis and cytokinesis ell cycle C___________ Smallest blood vessel where nutrients, oxygen and waste are exchanged with tissues C___________ apillary C___________ arboxyl group Brain and spinal cord entral nervous system C___________ (CNS) Protein shell that encloses a viral genome C___________ apsid Photosynthetic organelle C___________ hloroplast Region representing crossing over between homologous chromosomes during meiosis hiasma C___________ pl. chiasmata Stage of photosynthesis that uses energy from ATP and NADPH to fix atmospheric CO2 into carbohydrates alvin cycle C___________ Burst of evolutionary origins when most of the major body plans of animals appeared in a relatively brief time in geologic history ambrian Explosion C___________ Uppermost layer of vegetation in a terrestrial biome anopy C___________ Funtional group consisting of a carbon double bonded to an oxygen atom that is present in aldehydes and ketones arbonyl C___________ Macromolecule group that includes monosaccharides, disaccharides, or polysaccharides C___________ arbohydrate Animals that at some point during their development have a notochord, pharyngeal arches, a dorsal hollow nerve cord, and a post anal tail hordate C___________ Reciprocal exchange of genetic material between homologous chromosomes during prophase I of meiosis rossing over C___________ Type of metabolism in which CO2 is taken in at night and incorporated into four-carbon compounds to be used later during the Calvin cycle rassulacean acid C___________ metabolism (CAM) Ring shaped molecule made from ATP that is a common intracellular signaling molecule (second messenger) in eukaryotic cells yclic AMP (cAMP) C___________ http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Cyclic-adenosine-monophosphate-2D-skeletal.png Binding together of like molecules, usually due to hydrogen bonds ohesion C___________ Shallow groove in the plasma membrane of an animal cell during cytokinesis leavage furrow C___________ DNA molecule made in vitro using mRNA as a template and reverse transcriptase; ~ gene without introns omplementary DNA C___________ (cDNA) Circulatory system in which blood is confined to vessels and is kept separate from interstitial fluid losed circulatory C___________ system Critical point in the cell cycle where stop and go signals can regulate the cycle heckpoint C___________ Glycoprotein in the extracellular matrix of animal cells that forms strong fibers; found in connective tissue & bone; most abundant protein in animal kingdom entromere C___________ Direct transfer of DNA between two prokaryotic cells that are temporarily joined; bacterial “sex” onjugation C___________ A three nucleotide sequence in m-RNA that specifies a particular amino acid or a termination signal odon C___________ Region joining two sister chromatids C___________ entromere Large intestine olon C___________ http://www.daviddarling.info/images/contractile_vacuole.gif Membranous sac that helps remove water from certain cells ontractile vacuole C___________ Type of lymphocytic that kills infected cells, cancer cells, and transplanted cells when activated ytotoxic T cell C___________ Network of microtubules, microfilaments, and intermediate filaments that branch throughout the cytoplasm and functions in transport and support ytoskeleton C___________ Type of strong chemical bond in which two atoms share two or more pairs of electrons ovalent bond C___________ Waxy covering on the surface of stems and leaves that prevents desiccation in terrestrial plants uticle C___________ Folded membrane inside a mitochondrion ristae C___________ Camouflage ryptic coloration C___________ Subphylum of arthropods that includes lobsters, crabs, crayfish, and shrimp rustacean C___________