Download Using Customized Nutrition to Treat

Using Customized Nutrition to Treat
Mitochondrial Insufficiency, Type II
Diabetes, and Male and Female Infertility
Mitochondrial Insufficiency
• Mitochondrial diseases typically present as
neurological disorders but can manifest as
other disorders such as diabetes,
myopathies, cardiovascular disease, stroke,
epilepsy and retinitis pigmentosa.
• These diseases are linked because of cellular
damage causing oxidative stress and the
accumulation of Reactive Oxygen Species
(ROS).
• These oxidants then damage the
mitochondrial DNA resulting in mitochondrial
dysfunction and cell death.
Mitochondrial Insufficiency
• In our discussions today, we are not going
to delve into the world of mitochondrial
myopathies (MM) which include:
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
Kearns-Sayre syndrome (KSS)
Leigh's syndrome
mitochondrial DNA depletion syndrome (MDS)
mitochondrial encephalomyopathy, lactic acidosis and strokelike episodes (MELAS)
myoclonus epilepsy with ragged red fibers (MERRF)
mitochondrial neurogastrointestinal encephalomyopathy
(MNGIE)
neuropathy, ataxia and retinitis pigmentosa (NARP)
Pearson syndrome
progressive external ophthalmoplegia (PEO)
Mitochondrial Insufficiency
• We will be delving into the impairment of the
proper and optimal functioning of the cells
powerhouse.
• First we need to talk about the major causes
of mitochondrial insufficiency.
– Nutrient Deficiencies – carnitine, Coenzyme Q10,
taurine, trace minerals, B vitamins, alpha lipoic
acid, and NADH.
– Toxicity – heavy metals, organochloric and
organophosphic compounds, petrochemical
solvents and others.
– Infections – bacterial and viral
– Stress
•
Kidd, PM, Neurodegeneration from Mitochondrial Insufficiency:
Nutrients Stem Cells, Growth Factors, and Prospects for Brain
Rebuilding Using Integrative Management, Alternative Medicine
Review, Vol 10, Num 4, December 2005.
Mitochondrial Insufficiency
Mitochondrial Insufficiency
• The current thinking is that most mitochondrial
diseases are the result of one or more complex
inheritance patterns. Most mitochondrial
diseases are the result of mutations (changes)
in DNA located in the nucleus of the cell. Only
mitochondrial disorders caused by mutations in
the mitochondrial DNA (a specific structure in
living cells, located outside the nucleus) are
inherited exclusively from mothers.
• What we will be discussing is where the
mitochondria become inefficient, unable to fully
carry out their jobs and how that affects optimal
health.
Mitochondrial Insufficiency
• The Krebs Cycle aka Citric Acid Cycle is
part of the process that leads to the
production of energy (ATP for one
example).
• In my research and review of thousands
of lab tests, toxins have a dramatic effect
on the ability to create energy within the
Citric Acid Cycle.
• The implications on diseases like obesity
are staggering as I mentioned yesterday.
How Toxins Affect Health
#1
Homeostatic State
Good Health
#2
Toxic Exposure
#3
New Homeostatic
Acute Survival
#6
Return to
Good Health
#5
Detoxification
Intervention
This stage requires the most energy
Mitochondrial Insufficiency
• To test for disruptions to the Citric Acid Cycle
and to find out what detoxification interventions
are needed, I recommend two tests.
• The first is a urinary organic acid test from
either MetaMetrix or US Biotek.
• The second is an Environmental Pollutants
Biomarker urine test from US Biotek for the
presence of metabolites of petrochemical
solvents.
• The use of the LabAssist™ interpretive report
is the only way to determine the level and area
of disruption along with the proper protocols of
detoxification.
Mitochondrial Insufficiency
• Most solvents have similarities in detoxification
protocols with some minor and/or major
differences.
• One that needs a different approach for safety
reasons is in the detoxification of benzene.
• In a dysbiotic gut, taking either tyrosine or
phenylalanine could cause the production of
phenol compounds.
• These phenol compounds could cause an
increase in the carcinogenicity of benzene.
Mitochondrial Insufficiency
• One of the most important issues in today’s
society is aging.
• With our aging population, a lot of people want
to know how to slow down the process.
• Here is what we do know:
– Aging is about oxidation
• The use of anti-oxidants do not seem to
slow down the aging process all that
much.
Mitochondrial Insufficiency
– You can cut back the speed at which
you age by cutting back on the
amount of food you eat drastically.
• Numerous studies suggest that it is
the quantity of food that is the key.
When you eat very little the cells
last longer. Or is that the real
mechanism???
Mitochondrial Insufficiency
• The real key to living longer is reigning in
inflammation.
• In an excellent, but hard read, Professor Caleb
E. Finch wrote the book – The Biology of
Human Longevity: Inflammation, Nutrition, and
Aging in the Evolution of Lifespans, 2007
Academic Press discusses the issue.
• Does the longevity research into low-calorie
diets only mean that the low intake is the sole
anti-aging driver?
• Another possibility is that when you restrict you
diet, you avoid inflammatory foods.
Mitochondrial Insufficiency
• The LEAP MRT Food Sensitivity test is a good
way to find out what foods increase the
inflammatory response.
• By avoid these foods, you can drastically
reduce inflammation which is beneficial not just
in slowing down the aging process but in a
myriad of inflammatory diseases ranging from
coronary heart disease, migraines, arthritis,
irritable bowel syndrome, and any
neurodegenerative disease.
• We know that inflammation can also affect the
mitochondria so any time we can reduce
inflammation we protect the mitochondria.
Quick Tip
• Uric Acid is one of the bodies natural
antioxidants.
• Increased levels are typically caused by the
bodies need for antioxidant help.
• It is known to scavenge peroxynitrate.
• Multiple sclerosis patients have low Uric Acid
and high peroxynitrate.
• Lower serum Uric Acid levels in MS patients
may represent a primary, constitutive loss of
protection against Nitric Oxide.
• Stimulating xanathine oxidase through the use
of molybdenum may be beneficial.
Mitochondrial Insufficiency
• We know that chronic infections cause
oxidative stress (Wen et al, 2006).
• Monitoring the patient using a
Comprehensive Blood Chemistry is
highly beneficial.
• The test should always include Uric Acid
which isn’t typically included.
• The pattern in the differential of White
Blood Cells is helpful in determining the
type of infection.
Mitochondrial Insufficiency
• Neutrophils are typically indicative of a bacterial
infection but an increase of the absolute
numbers can occur with inflammation.
• Eosinophils are typically seen in allergic
responses but also in infestations of parasites.
• Basophils are rarely seen but when they are
elevated it is indicative of an allergic response
and correlates to elevated histamine in the
blood.
• Monocytes, the largest of the white blood cells
are phagocytic as they are viewed as
scavengers but they also produce the antiviral
agent interferon.
Mitochondrial Insufficiency
• Lymphocytes are a primary defense against
viruses but they are also seen in the early and
late stages of inflammation.
• Looking at the pattern of these cells both in
percentages of the total and in absolute
numbers can give you a very accurate picture
of what is going on immunologically.
• With LabAssist™ we have already preprogrammed many of these patterns.
• Through that we have even been able to reveal
a case of Psittacosis.
Quick Tip
• If you have a person that has done a saliva
hormone test and noticed that their cortisol levels
do not go down through the day as expected the
mechanism may be toxic in nature.
• In a study published in EHP this February, Gump et
al showed that lead levels, even low ones below 10
μg/dL can alter corticosteroid levels and interfere
with heightened reactivity to acute stress.
• This is also found quite often in large cities with
high powered executives.
• The higher lead levels in big cities like New York
may explain the higher stress readings of
inhabitants.
Type II Diabetes
Testing Strategies
Type II Diabetes
• With any diabetic, running a comprehensive
blood chemistry should be a given.
• Monitoring blood sugar, triglycerides,
cholesterol with LDL and HDL are critical to any
dietary intervention.
• Electrolyte depletion, particularly sodium,
potassium, magnesium, calcium, bicarbonates
and chlorides are often seen and need to be
addressed if deficient.
• Some of the markers for oxidation like uric acid
are also seen along with elevated fibrinogen.
Type II Diabetes
• Here is the pattern often seen with
people with Type II diabetes:
– Elevated: Alkaline Phosphatase,
Basophils, Cholesterol, Creatinine,
Fibrinogen, Glucose, GGT,
Hemoglobin A1c, LDL, Triglycerides,
BUN, and Uric Acid
– Decreased: Albumin, CO2, Calcium,
Chloride, HDL, Iron, Phosphorus,
Potassium, and Sodium.
Type II Diabetes
• Plasma amino acids can also help with a
support protocol for people with diabetes.
• Cysteine and Taurine are beneficial in
preventing kidney failure.
• Taurine is helpful in counteracting oxidative
stress commonly found in diabetics.
• It should be used with caution as it can lower
blood sugar due to its action of potentiating
insulin.
• GABA is thought to increase insulin’s effect and
the use of 2-4 grams can significantly decrease
blood sugar.
Type II Diabetes
• Alanine is well known to help reduce
triglycerides, reduce ketosis (common with
diabetics).
• It may parallel blood sugar levels in both
diabetics and hypoglycemics.
• Before using amino acid therapy you should
check their plasma levels to make sure you are
using a biochemically individualized protocol.
• While amino acid therapy is a powerful tool to
use with diabetics, it can become a double
edged sword if used incorrectly.
Type II Diabetes
• An Environmental Pollutants Biomarker test is
also very helpful if the person has been
exposed to high levels of a number of toxins.
• Phthalates have been shown to affect insulin
resistance.
– Stahlhut, R., E. Wijngaarden, et al. (2007). "Concentrations of
Urinary Phthalate Metabolites Are Associated with Increased
Waist Circumference and Insulin Resistance in Adult U.S. Males."
Environmental Health Perspectives 115(6): 876-82.
• Chemicals like toluene, xylene, benzene and
styrene have been implicated in a wide array of
endocrine disruption and blood sugar
regulation.
Type II Diabetes
• When it comes to these chemicals, they are
well known to bind to the PPAR gamma
receptor which when turned on, stabilizes blood
sugar levels.
• According to Dr. Lindsay Berkson in her great
book, Hormone Deception she says the
following:
“Well, if science has termed the estrogen receptor
as promiscuous – meaning it will mate with a
wide variety of chemical partners – the PPAR
receptor is even more indiscrete about its
bedfellows…. It may be that endocrinedisrupting compounds are contributing to
insulin resistance by inhibiting this receptor.”
Type II Diabetes
• Many of the chemicals and heavy metals that
may affect the receptors also affect the thyroid.
• People with diabetes who develop hypo- or
hyperthyroidism have a much harder time
controlling their blood sugar.
• Making sure the diabetic patient is controlling
their toxic loads and are becoming good toxin
excretors will go a long way in helping them
control their blood sugar and insulin levels.
• This is why a urine test is so important. It no
longer is a question of whether we have the
toxins in our blood but do we excrete them
efficiently.
Quick Tip
• Fibrinogen is a noted risk factor for coronary and
vascular disease.
• But is this a causative factor?
• Fibrinogen it turns out, is actually an antioxidant.
• According to Olinescu and Kummerow, Journal of
Nutritional Biochemistry, Vol 12, Num 3, March
2001, “Fibrinogen, albumin, ceruloplasmin, and
transferrin act as a supplementary antioxidant
defense mechanism against oxidative stress arising
from inflammatory conditions.”
• Fibrinogen is a marker for oxidative and
inflammatory stress not as a causative factor in
CVD.
Type II Diabetes
• Urinary Organic Acids are a tertiary test to use
because it can help identify the following
problems known to occur in diabetics:
– Excessive Fatty Acid Oxidation
– Carnitine Deficiencies
– Keto-acidosis
– Disordered Gluconeogenesis
– Excessive Oxidative Stress
– Intestinal Dysbiosis
– B-Complex Competency
– Liver Detox Dysfunction
– Poor Energy Production
Type II Diabetes
• As with most disorders, inflammation is a
key component in the progression and/or
control of diabetes.
• Diet is critical.
• Assessing the foods that can trigger
inflammatory reactions is important in
helping your patient achieve optimal
help.
• This is another good reason to utilize the
LEAP MRT blood test.
Type II Diabetes
• The LEAP MRT test is beneficial in order to
isolate those foods, regardless of their
affect on blood sugar, that might induce an
inflammatory response.
• Reducing this response will improve the
quality of life of the diabetic since many of
them have numerous other symptoms like
arthritis.
• Drugs used to treat arthritis like anikinra
(Kinemet) have been shown to help
regulate blood sugar because of their effect
on the cytokine IL-1 (interleukin-1).
Type II Diabetes
• The immune system produces cytokines in
response to inflammation in the body. The
cytokine, Interleuken-1 (IL-1) shows up in areas
of inflammation, like in the joints or other places
in the body. Anakinra blocks the production of
interleukin-1. That's why it's used to treat arthritis.
• In diabetes, interleukin-1-beta is produced in the
pancreas. High glucose levels appear to trigger
the release of interleukin-1-beta. This not only
reduces the function of beta cells in the
pancreas, but can cause beta cells to selfdestruct.
• This is why using LEAP MRT with diabetics may
be highly beneficial.
Infertility/Pregnancy
Testing Strategies
Infertility/Pregnancy
• At no time in human history has infertility
reached such epidemic proportions.
• The blame clearly has to lie at the feet of our
toxic environment.
• According to the Center for Disease Control’s
National Survey of Family Growth the fastest
growing segment of the population with
“impaired fecundity (infertility) is women
under the age of 25.”
• In 2005 the CDC did a survey across
America where the average citizen had the
presence of 148 chemicals in their blood.
The report is 475 pages long.
– Third National Report of Human Exposure to
Environmental Chemicals, Centers for Disease Control
and Prevention 2005.
www.cdc.gov/exposurereport/pdf/thirdreport.pdf
Infertility/Pregnancy
• One line in the report struck me for different
reasons than it might strike others.
• Under Public Health Uses of the Report it
states “To establish reference ranges that can
be used by physicians and scientists to
determine whether a person or group has an
unusually high exposure.”
• As we know with laboratory testing, often times
reference ranges are skewed due to an
abnormal population. Case in point TSH levels.
Most labs use .5 to 5 as a range. LabAssist™
uses 1.1 to 2.5 because so many in our
population are hypothyroid they skew the
range.
Infertility/Pregnancy
• This will somehow be used to allow for an
“acceptable level” of toxicity for each of
you and your patients.
• Some chemicals have an effect at low
levels only.
• Polymorphisms in genes coding for
metabolizing enzymes contribute to
interindividual variability and may vary by
more than 50-fold in humans (Guengerich
et al. 1991).
• What is a poison for you may not be for
me.
Infertility/Pregnancy
• According to research done by the EPA on
Bisphenol A (BPA), they only looked at the
changes to the weight of rat brains to determine
toxicity levels.
• Some studies found changes in rodents'
reproductive organs and brains at doses as low
as 0.002 mg per kilogram of body weight per day.
• is just one-25,000th the dose that the EPA said
was the lowest exposure having an observable
adverse effect.
• Newer research into the subtle effects of BPA on
hormone levels indicates that far lower doses can
have profound effects on the development of
human fetuses and on adult health, especially
women.
Child Development
• In the 1970’s, Danish researcher Niels
Skakkebaek of the Copehagen
University Hospital showed links
between testicular cancer in adults and
abnormalities in genital development.
• At 3 months, baby boys experience a
surge of testosterone.
• In a study of 65 infants published in
2006, they discovered that the higher the
level of phthalates, the greater the
evidence of anti-androgenic hormonal
activity.
Child Development
• Ana Soto of Tufts University School of Medicine
was studying the effect of estrogen on a breast
cancer cell line.
• Much to her chagrin, the cancer cells were
proliferating like crazy as if a bottle of estradiol
had been dumped in them.
• Turns out, the tubes storing a component of the
medium growing the cells had nonylphenol to
improve impact resistance.
• The chemical, injected into rats, made the
epithelial lining of the uterus proliferate – a sign
of its being an estrogen.
Child Development
• If the findings that chemicals like Bisphenol A
(BPA) are found in the drinking water, house
dust, and ambient air are true and at tiny levels
they can affect estrogen receptors think of the
types of cancers our children will have.
• In the 1950’s a woman’s lifetime risk of breast
cancer was 1 in 22.
• Today it is 1 in 7.
• It is not a genetic epidemic, it is environmental,
it is due to endocrine disruption.
• BPA is worth $100 million an hour.
• Banning it will take enormous guts.
• Becoming good detoxifiers forever is critical.
Infertility/Pregnancy
• When it comes to testing strategies, with all
people, male or female, it is imperative to do
an Environmental Pollutants Biomarker test.
• Phthalates, xylene, toluene, benzene,
styrene, and dimethylbenzene are all
developmentally toxic.
• Phthalates can damage male DNA in sperm.
• It can also cause shortening of pregnancies
by up to two weeks and according to
research full-term babies have markedly
higher cognitive scores later in life (Larroque,
et al, The Lancet, Vol 371, pg 823).
• Urinary markers of phthalates are vastly
superior to serum.
–
Hogberg, J., A. Hanberg, et al. (2008). "Phthalate diesters and their metabolites in
human breast milk, blood or serum, and urine as biomarkers of exposure in vunerable
populations." Environmental Health Perspectives 116(3): 334-9.
Infertility/Pregnancy
• Becoming an effective excretor of
petrochemicals is an important factor in
developing a healthy fetus.
• In a study published by Hansen, Barnett, and
Pritchard, in EHP, March 2008, it was found
that air pollution can actually affect ultrasound
measures during mid-pregnancy.
• Fetuses were physically affected in body
measurement by air pollution.
• While the study focused of measurements of
ozone, nitrogen dioxide, sulfur dioxide and
particulate matter, being a good excretor of any
chemical would be beneficial.
Infertility/Pregnancy
• For women, I would highly suggest doing two
additional tests.
• A Whole Blood Elements test from DDI would
be #1 as quite often women trying
unsuccessfully to have a child are very mineral
deficient.
• Also, any toxic heavy metal load could
decrease the chances for a healthy pregnancy.
• In the March 2008 EHP journal, researchers
led by Leasure, et al, showed that gestational
lead exposure produced permanent malespecific effects including an increase in obesity
as well as motor deficit, and altered dopamine.
• The responses were dose-dependent.
Infertility/Pregnancy
• Secondarily, a Plasma Amino Acid test often
times show broad deficiencies in both essential
and conditionally essential amino acids.
• With women, there have been some issues
with increased tryptophan and elevated
serotonin (especially with 5-HTP) and an
increase in miscarriages, dysmenorrhea and
tubal spasms.
• With males, it may improve sperm viability.
• In a study by Schacter in 1973, 4 grams of
arginine was used on 178 men and 111 had
significant improvement, 21 moderate and only
25 showed no improvement in sperm motility
and sperm counts.
Quick Tip
• Total Cholesterol levels are different depending
on the time of the year.
• In Spring and Summer, Cholesterol is lower
than in the Fall and Winter.
• When comparing Cholesterol levels be aware
of this difference which can be as high as 20%.
• If you were to design a study to prove your
drug was good at lowering Cholesterol you
would take the first measurement in the Winter
and the second in Late Spring, Early Summer.
Infertility/Pregnancy
• In the book “The Carnitine Miracle” author
unknown, it the role of carnitine was discussed
in relation to its ability to “defend the body from
stress.”
• Also there is a higher quantity of carnitine in
male sperm.
• A comprehensive blood chemistry is also a very
important tool to use, especially in women.
• Pre-eclampsia is an important issue to address
for women seeking to get pregnant or are
pregnant.
• The LabAssist™ has a pattern developed to
evaluate the results of a CBC
Infertility/Pregnancy
• Pre-eclampsia is an important issue to address for
women seeking to get pregnant or are pregnant.
• The LabAssist™ has a pattern developed to evaluate
the results of a CBC for the risk of developing preeclampsia.
• The pattern is as follows:
– Elevated: sGOT, sGPT, Alkaline Phosphatase,
Hematocrit, Potassium, Triglycerides, and Uric Acid.
– Normal: Hemoglobin
– Decreased: Albumin, CO2, Calcium,
Glucose, Protein, Sodium, Thyroxine, and
BUN.
Infertility/Pregnancy
• In our CardioHormone saliva/blood spot
test, the pattern looks like this –
– Elevated: Triglycerides
– Decreased: Estradiol, Insulin,
Progesterone, and Free-T4
• In a healthy pregnancy, there are a
number of test results that are normal
and expected that would be considered
abnormal otherwise.
• LDL, Total Cholesterol and Uric Acid
should actually be elevated.
Pregnancy
• A urine iodine challenge is another
critical test to do for pregnant women.
• In the autism pesticide study (Roberts, et
al, 2007 EHP), iodine deficiency may be
the mechanism by which the incidence
of autism rose to exposed mothers.
• Since many environmental toxins affect
the thyroid and the lack of iodine can
adversely affect the fetus, this is another
very important test to run.
Infertility/Pregnancy
• If there is a hesitation to do all of the
testing here are a few tried and true
general recommendations.
• Since we all have petrochemically based
toxins in our system, both the mother and
the father should begin using a broad
spectrum amino acid complex with at least
one gram of glycine per serving.
• Women should be put on a broad
spectrum trace mineral supplement.
• They should also be put on a balanced
electrolyte.
• Add DHA/EPA combination.
Contact Information
Dr. Mark Schauss, DB
5355 Capital Court, #101
Reno, NV 89502
775-823-5333
[email protected]
www.CrayhonResearch.com
www.MarkSchauss.com
www.ToxicWorldBook.com