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Drugs Generic vs Brand Name Indication: The reason why you would take a medication e.g. an indication for ibuprofen is fever or inflammation Contraindication: The reason you should not take a medication e.g. A contraindication for Accutane is pregnancy. Adverse Effects Side Effects that can occur if medication is taken e.g. Adverse Effect of Tylenol is hepatotoxicity. Names for a drug. A pharmaceutical company spends millions of dollars and years developing a drug. Once it has been approved by the FDA and is patented, only that company can produce that drug for 10 years. The company will create a brand name for the drug (something that is catchy). Once 20 years are over any company may produce that drug. It is called the generic. Classic example is Ibuprofen (generic name) for Advil or Motrin (brand name). Antibiotics (abx) Hundreds of types-Most work by destroying the wall of bacteria Cephalosporins Macrolids (aka “mycins”)-Mostly used for respiratory infections Bactrim and Septra Used commonly for UTIs and Skin Abscesses Quinolones Erythromycin, Azythromycin (Z-Pak), Clarithromycin (Biaxin) Sulfonamides (aka Sulfa) Duricef, Keflex, Omnicef, Rochephin Cipro and Levaquin are most common Penicillin Oldest abx Amoxycillin, Ampicillin, Augmenting are common variations Drugs 1. Aspirin (Acetylsalicylic Acid aka ASA) Is an anti-inflammatory, anti-pyretic, and analgesic (pain) However, causes stomach ulcers Kids with a virus shouldn’t take it; Reyes Syndrome 2. Acetaminophen (Tylenol) 3. Ibuprofen (Motrin, Advil) Is a anti-pyretic and analgesic, but not an anti-inflammatory Super great anti-inflammatory, anti-pyretic and analgesic It is an NSAID (non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug) 4. Steroids (e.g. Prednisone) Great anti-inflammatory, but not a anti-pyretic or analgesic Long-term dangers Non-drug therapy R.I.C.E. (Rest, Ice, Compression, Elevation) Pain Medications Morphine Made from opium, like heroine. Commonly given IV or IM. Hydrocodone and Oxycodone Commonly mixed with Tylenol (Acetaminophen) in the brand names Vicodin and Lortab Most commonly given orally Both are highly addictive Diabetes 1.Insulin shots or pumps Humulog and Novolog are most popular 2. Metformin (Glucophage) is most commonly orally prescribed DM drug. Hypertension Hydrochlorothiazide (HCTZ) is oldest HTN drug Norvasc Ace Inhibitors are the most common Diovan and Lisinopril are most ubiquitous The “lols” are common as well. Metoprolol and Atenolol Hyperlipidemia High cholesterol drugs destroy the cells in your liver that make cholesterol. The Statin family of drugs are the most common Lipitor Crestor Simvastatin Zocor Water Retention Diuretic, used for water retention Lasix (Furosemide) Blood Thinners These drugs are given to people who have a hx of blood clots. Used to prevent heart attack and strokes Coumadin (Warfarin) is ancient. Heparin Plavix Bradycardia Used to speed up heart rate Atropine Epinephrine (Adrenaline) Stomach Bug Phenergan Super-popular and ancient med given for nausea, anti-emesis. Given orally, IM, and suppositories Anti-inflammation Non-steroidal Ibuprofen (Motrin or Advil) Naproxen (Aleve) Both relieve pain, inflammation and fever Steroids Prednisone Cortisone These only reduce inflammation Hypothyroidism Synthroid (Levothyroxine) is drug of choice. Muscle Relaxant Valium (Diazepam) is classic drug Makes you sleepy and is addictive Comes from the Benzodiazepine family of drugs Mental Health Any medication that is used to alter your behavior is called a Psychotropic medication. SSRI family (Selective Serotonin Reuptake Inhibitors) Paxil Prozac Zoloft They increase the amount of serotonin neurotransmitter in the synaptic cleft between neurons Adverse Effects: Homocidal and Suicidal ideation SNRI family (Serotonin Norepinephrine Reuptake Inhibitors) Slightly less side effects Effexor Cymbalta SSRI and SNRIs used for depression, OCD, Anxiety Xanax is the main choice Xanax is a benzo Insomnia Ambien- Night terrors, sexsomnia adverse effects Lunesta GERD Most common drugs used for GERD and ulcers Nexium Prilosec (Omeprazole) Others Anti-virals (Mono, Herpes, Shingles,etc) Anti-fungals (Thrush, Athlete’s Foot, etc) Nystatin Bronchodilators (used for asthma treatment) Valtrex Acyclovir Albuterol inhaler Singulair Advair Diphenhydramine (Benadryl) Classic anti-histamine drug used to reduce inflammation Makes you very sleepy Top 10 Drugs 1. Hydrocodone (combined with acetaminophen) -- 131.2 million prescriptions 2. Generic Zocor (simvastatin), -- 94.1 million prescriptions 3. Lisinopril , -- 87.4 million prescriptions 4. Synthroid (levothyroxine sodium), -- 70.5 million prescriptions 5. Norvasc (amlodipine besylate), 57.2 million prescriptions 6. Prilosec (omeprazole), an antacid drug -- 53.4 million prescriptions (does not include over-the-counter sales) 7. Azithromycin (brand names include Z-Pak and Zithromax), -- 52.6 million prescriptions 8. Amoxicillin (various brand names) -- 52.3 million prescriptions 9. Glucophage (metformin), -- 48.3 million prescriptions 10. Hydrochlorothiazide (various brand names), 47.8 million prescriptions. Name a Drug Invent a drug with a brand name and generic What is the drug for? What disease or organ system? Invent indications and contraindications Invent Adverse Effects (Death, 2nd Head Development, Diphallia). Present powerpoint; afterwards you will make a skit/commercial for your drug similar to the ones you see on TV listing the aforementioned. Be creative!