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Drugs
Generic vs Brand Name
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Indication:
 The reason why you would take a medication
 e.g. an indication for ibuprofen is fever or inflammation
Contraindication:
 The reason you should not take a medication
 e.g. A contraindication for Accutane is pregnancy.
Adverse Effects
 Side Effects that can occur if medication is taken
 e.g. Adverse Effect of Tylenol is hepatotoxicity.
Names for a drug.
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A pharmaceutical company spends millions of dollars and years
developing a drug.
Once it has been approved by the FDA and is patented, only that
company can produce that drug for 10 years.
The company will create a brand name for the drug (something that
is catchy).
Once 20 years are over any company may produce that drug. It is
called the generic.
Classic example is Ibuprofen (generic name) for Advil or Motrin
(brand name).
Antibiotics (abx)
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Hundreds of types-Most work by destroying the wall of bacteria
Cephalosporins
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Macrolids (aka “mycins”)-Mostly used for respiratory infections
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Bactrim and Septra
Used commonly for UTIs and Skin Abscesses
Quinolones
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Erythromycin, Azythromycin (Z-Pak), Clarithromycin (Biaxin)
Sulfonamides (aka Sulfa)
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Duricef, Keflex, Omnicef, Rochephin
Cipro and Levaquin are most common
Penicillin
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Oldest abx
Amoxycillin, Ampicillin, Augmenting are common variations
Drugs
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1. Aspirin (Acetylsalicylic Acid aka ASA)
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Is an anti-inflammatory, anti-pyretic, and analgesic (pain)
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However, causes stomach ulcers
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Kids with a virus shouldn’t take it; Reyes Syndrome
2. Acetaminophen (Tylenol)
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3. Ibuprofen (Motrin, Advil)
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Is a anti-pyretic and analgesic, but not an anti-inflammatory
Super great anti-inflammatory, anti-pyretic and analgesic
It is an NSAID (non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug)
4. Steroids (e.g. Prednisone)
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Great anti-inflammatory, but not a anti-pyretic or analgesic
Long-term dangers
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Non-drug therapy
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R.I.C.E. (Rest, Ice, Compression, Elevation)
Pain Medications
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Morphine
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Made from opium, like heroine.
Commonly given IV or IM.
Hydrocodone and Oxycodone
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Commonly mixed with Tylenol (Acetaminophen) in
the brand names Vicodin and Lortab
Most commonly given orally
Both are highly addictive
Diabetes
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1.Insulin shots or pumps
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Humulog and Novolog are most popular
2. Metformin (Glucophage) is most
commonly orally prescribed DM drug.
Hypertension
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Hydrochlorothiazide (HCTZ) is oldest HTN
drug
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Norvasc
Ace Inhibitors are the most common
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Diovan and Lisinopril are most ubiquitous
The “lols” are common as well. Metoprolol
and Atenolol
Hyperlipidemia
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High cholesterol drugs destroy the cells in
your liver that make cholesterol.
The Statin family of drugs are the most
common
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Lipitor
Crestor
Simvastatin
Zocor
Water Retention
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Diuretic, used for water retention
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Lasix (Furosemide)
Blood Thinners
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These drugs are given to people who have
a hx of blood clots.
Used to prevent heart attack and strokes
Coumadin (Warfarin) is ancient.
Heparin
Plavix
Bradycardia
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Used to speed up heart rate
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Atropine
Epinephrine (Adrenaline)
Stomach Bug
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Phenergan
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Super-popular and ancient med given for
nausea, anti-emesis.
Given orally, IM, and suppositories
Anti-inflammation
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Non-steroidal
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Ibuprofen (Motrin or Advil)
Naproxen (Aleve)
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Both relieve pain, inflammation and fever
Steroids
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Prednisone
Cortisone
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These only reduce inflammation
Hypothyroidism
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Synthroid (Levothyroxine) is drug of
choice.
Muscle Relaxant
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Valium (Diazepam) is classic drug
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Makes you sleepy and is addictive
Comes from the Benzodiazepine family of
drugs
Mental Health
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Any medication that is used to alter your behavior is called a Psychotropic
medication.
SSRI family (Selective Serotonin Reuptake Inhibitors)
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Paxil
Prozac
Zoloft
They increase the amount of serotonin neurotransmitter in the synaptic cleft
between neurons
Adverse Effects: Homocidal and Suicidal ideation
SNRI family (Serotonin Norepinephrine Reuptake Inhibitors)
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Slightly less side effects
Effexor
 Cymbalta
SSRI and SNRIs used for depression, OCD,
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Anxiety
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Xanax is the main choice
Xanax is a benzo
Insomnia
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Ambien- Night terrors, sexsomnia adverse effects
Lunesta
GERD
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Most common drugs used for GERD and
ulcers
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Nexium
Prilosec (Omeprazole)
Others
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Anti-virals (Mono, Herpes, Shingles,etc)
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Anti-fungals (Thrush, Athlete’s Foot, etc)
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Nystatin
Bronchodilators (used for asthma treatment)
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Valtrex
Acyclovir
Albuterol inhaler
Singulair
Advair
Diphenhydramine (Benadryl)
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Classic anti-histamine drug used to reduce inflammation
Makes you very sleepy
Top 10 Drugs
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1. Hydrocodone (combined with acetaminophen) -- 131.2
million prescriptions
2. Generic Zocor (simvastatin), -- 94.1 million prescriptions
3. Lisinopril , -- 87.4 million prescriptions
4. Synthroid (levothyroxine sodium), -- 70.5 million
prescriptions
5. Norvasc (amlodipine besylate), 57.2 million prescriptions
6. Prilosec (omeprazole), an antacid drug -- 53.4 million
prescriptions (does not include over-the-counter sales)
7. Azithromycin (brand names include Z-Pak and
Zithromax), -- 52.6 million prescriptions
8. Amoxicillin (various brand names) -- 52.3 million
prescriptions
9. Glucophage (metformin), -- 48.3 million prescriptions
10. Hydrochlorothiazide (various brand names), 47.8
million prescriptions.
Name a Drug
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Invent a drug with a brand name and generic
What is the drug for? What disease or organ
system?
Invent indications and contraindications
Invent Adverse Effects (Death, 2nd Head
Development, Diphallia).
Present powerpoint; afterwards you will make a
skit/commercial for your drug similar to the ones
you see on TV listing the aforementioned.
Be creative!