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Traducción científico-periodística 2015
TP Alba Divit Mora
LA POPULARIZACIÓN DE LA CIENCIA
 A partir
del texto científico (trabajo de
investigación) considerado el texto
primario, se pueden derivar distintos
niveles de divulgación o textos
secundarios hasta el texto periodístico de
divulgación masiva o comúnmente
denominado “periodismo científico”.
 Dadas
las diferentes funciones del texto y
los distintos niveles de conocimiento de
los destinatarios, es necesario adaptar el
mensaje en sus aspectos semánticos,
sintácticos y estilísticos para transmitir a
los diferentes receptores los resultados
de la investigación.
CARACTERÍSTICAS DE LAS TIPOLOGÍAS
TEXTUALES
Textos científicos
Emisor: autor/es
Textos periodísticos
Emisor: productor del texto
(periodista especializado)
Receptor: especialistas
Receptor: público en general,
público semiespecializado
Función del texto:
expositivo
expositivo con foco
secundario argumentativo
Función del texto:
expositivo
expositivo con foco
secundario exhortativo
DIVULGACIÓN MASIVA
Periódicos
Diarios
Revistas semanales (Time, Scientific American,
Muy Interesante)
Relación emisor/productor>>>receptor:
asimétrica
TEXTO PRIMARIO
= INTRODUCCIÓN
 M = MATERIALES y
MÉTODOS
 R = RESULTADOS
Y=y
 D = DISCUSIÓN
I
MACROESTRUCTURA
TEXTOS PERIODÍSTICOS
PIRÁMIDE
INVERTIDA
(¿quién, qué, cuándo, dónde,
por qué y para qué?
PRINCIPALES CARACTERÍSTICAS DE LA
MICROESTRUCTURA DE LOS ARTÍCULOS PERIODÍSTICOS
MENCIÓN DE LAS FUENTES
•
Trabajo original:
•
•
•
•
Rara vez se puede encontrar el texto completo del
trabajo de investigación (vínculo)
Pocas veces se puede encontrar un abstract del
trabajo
Algunas veces se menciona el nombre completo del
trabajo.
En la mayoría de los casos, se hace referencia al
trabajo original como: study, research, review…
MENCIÓN DE LAS FUENTES
Revista especializada donde se publicó:
• ―…according to the study published in the July
issue of The American Journal of Psychiatry.‖
 ―…in the April 17 issue of the Journal of the
National Cancer Institute.‖
 ―The new findings are published in the journal The
Lancet Psychiatry…‖
 ―The report – from researchers at Massachusetts
General Hospital (MGH), Brigham and Women's
Hospital and affiliated institutions – appears in the
February issue of Annals of Internal Medicine.‖
•
MENCIÓN DE LOS AUTORES
 GENERALIZACIÓN:
―Now,
in a new analysis of hundreds of
previous studies, scientists from
Queen Mary University have been able
to…‖
―
Researchers at the University of
Oxford found that after three years of
daily aspirin use, …‖
MENCIÓN DE LOS AUTORES
 IDENTIFICACIÓN
DEL INVESTIGADOR
PRINCIPAL:
pooled analysis, led by Jack Cuzick, PhD, of
the Wolfson Institute of Preventive Medicine, Queen
Mary University of London in the United Kingdom,
shows…‖
 Lead researcher Professor Jack Cuzick, head of
Queen Mary, University of London's Centre for
Cancer Prevention,…
 ―The
MENCIÓN DE CARGOS Y LUGARES DONDE SE
DESEMPEÑAN LOS AUTORES/COLABORADORES
 ―Researchers
at Washington University in St.
Louis …‖
 ―Lead scientist Prof Simon Baron-Cohen, from
the Autism Research Centre at Cambridge
University…‖
 Dr. Alan Kristal, the lead author of the study
and a faculty member in the Public Health
Sciences Division at Fred Hutchinson Cancer
Research Center…
USO DE DATOS ESTADÍSTICOS
―…74 of the children were diagnosed with
depression. Six years later, 79 of the children
from the larger group had clinical depression,
and 51% of the 74 children originally diagnosed
were still depressed. By contrast, only 25% of
the 172 children who were initially not
depressed went on to develop depression
during elementary and middle school.‖
USO DE SIGLAS
 ―…the disease
has been found primarily in the
DRC and Uganda.‖ (referencias anafóricas)
 ―This outbreak, which was first reported to the
WHO in March…‖ (referencias conocidas
universalmente)
 ―…National Institute for Allergy and Infectious
Diseases (NIAID)…‖ (versión ampliada + sigla
para luego seguir con la sigla solamente)
ACLARACIÓN



―
Adults with Asperger syndrome – a type of autism – are
nine times more likely to experience suicidal thoughts
than members of the general population, a Cambridge
study has found.‖
In that group, aspirin‘s possible harmful side effects—
mostly stomach upset, gastrointestinal bleeding, and
hemorrhagic stroke (bleeding in the brain)—may offset
any benefits.
One study suggested that daily doses of 81 milligrams (a
baby aspirin) to 325 milligrams (a standard full-strength
tablet) could prevent the recurrence of colon polyps in
people who have already had them.
UNIDADES DE CONOCIMIENTO ESPECIALIZADO
effects associated with regular aspirin use
include stomach ulcers, gastrointestinal
bleeding, and, in very rare cases, strokes
caused by brain bleeds.
 The drug reduces the risk of clots forming in
blood vessels and can protect against heart
attacks and strokes, so it is often prescribed for
people who already suffer with heart disease
and have already had one or several attacks.
 S ide
USOS COMUNES DEL
LENGUAJE
 "Using
low-dose aspirin seems to cut the risk
of pancreatic cancer by half," said Harvey
Risch, professor of epidemiology at Yale
University in Connecticut.
 In the study, around 57% of the participants
were men, half smoked, or used to smoke, and a
fifth had diabetes

USO DE LENGUAJE METAFÓRICO
findings will reignite the debate over
whether more patients should be taking
aspirins, …‖
―
Together, Dr Patel and Ken Drew have
developed the Reverse My Disease program,
which claims it can bulletproof your body
against diseases like arthritis, Alzheimer‘s,
diabetes, heart disease and cancers.‖
―
Daily aspirin 'can ward off cancer‗‖
 ―The