Download In general, the word energy refers to a concept that can be

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In general, the word energy refers to a concept that can be paraphrased as "the potential for causing
changes", therefore one can say that energy is the cause of any change. The word is used in several
different contexts.
The most common definition of energy is the work that a certain force (gravitational, electromagnetic,
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etc) can do. Due to a variety of forces, energy has many different forms (gravitational, electric, heat,
etc.) that can be grouped into two major categories: kinetic energy and potential energy. According to
this definition, energy has the same units as work; a force applied through a distance.
The etymology of the term is from Greek ενέργεια, εν- means "in" and έργον means "work"; the -ια
suffix forms an abstract noun. The compound εν-εργεια in Epic Greek meant "divine action" or
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"magical operation"; it is later used by Aristotle in a meaning of "activity, operation" or "vigour", and
by Diodorus Siculus for "force of an engine."
The concept of energy, in the distant past, was used to explain easily observable phenomena, such as
the effects observed on the properties of objects or any other changes. It was generally construed that
all changes can in fact be explained through some sort of energy. Soon the idea that energy could be
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stored in objects took its roots in scientific thought and the concept of energy came to embrace the idea
of the potential for change as well as change itself. Such effects (both potential and realized) come in
many different forms. While in spiritualism they were reflected in changes in a person, in physical
sciences it is reflected in different forms of energy itself. For example, electrical energy stored in a
battery, the chemical energy stored in a piece of food (along with the oxygen needed to burn it), the
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thermal energy of a water heater, or the kinetic energy of a moving train. In 1807, Thomas Young was
the first to use the term "energy" instead of vis viva to refer to the product of the mass of an object and
its velocity squared. Gustave-Gaspard Coriolis described "kinetic energy" in 1829 in its modern sense,
and in 1853, William Rankine coined the term "potential energy."
During a 1961 lecture for undergraduate students at the California Institute of Technology, Richard
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Feynman, a celebrated physics teacher and a Nobel Laureate, had provided a very candid statement
about the law of conservation of energy. There is no known exception to this law—it is exact so far we
know. The law is called conservation of energy [it states that there is a certain quantity, which we call
energy that does not change in manifold changes which nature undergoes]. That is a most abstract idea,
because it is a mathematical principle; it says that there is a numerical quantity, which does not change
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when something happens.
The concepts of energy and its transformations are useful in explaining natural phenomena. The Law of
conservation of energy is equally useful. Certain forms of energy are often said to be more
concentrated than others. Using this terminology, one may say that in natural processes energy is
transformed from a more concentrated form to a less concentrated form. For example, mechanical work
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getting transformed into heat. The exact context of various natural phenomena and transformations
varies from one natural science to another.
Some examples are: The transformations that constitute the context of energy in physics, is the change
in position or movement of an object which is brought about through the action of a force. Thus in the
context of physics, energy is said to be the ability to do work; the strict mathematical definition of
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energy in physics always being the amount of work itself (done by or against specified force). Because
forces are usually classified by type (gravitational, electrostatic, etc), so also are the specific forms of
work these forces produce (or are involved in).
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(presente, pasado y/o futuro) si es que los hubiera.
4) Indique a que hacen referencia tres de las frases resaltadas en negrita en el texto.
5) Escriba en castellano como leería tres palabras terminadas en –ing
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a lo largo del texto.
7) Elija y dé un significado a tres palabras o frases de las subrayadas en el texto según el
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que aparezcan en el texto (un ejemplo por terminación-función)
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