Survey
* Your assessment is very important for improving the workof artificial intelligence, which forms the content of this project
* Your assessment is very important for improving the workof artificial intelligence, which forms the content of this project
U.S. Foreign Policy What is “foreign policy” • Goals that nations pursue in relation to other international actors – Goals • Survival • Territorial Integrity • Economic Security • Promoting Democracy and Human Rights – Actors • States (nations) • IGO (Intergovernmental Organizations: UN NATO) • NGO (Nongovernmental Organizations: MNCs, al- President’s Foreign Policy Helpers • Who are part of the foreign policy bureaucracy? – National Security Council – Intelligence Agencies • CIA • FBI • Military agencies President’s Foreign Policy Helpers – State Department • Sec. of State: Hillary Clinton • Goals – Promote peace – Promote democracy – Promote trade and development President’s Foreign Policy Helpers • Defense Department – Sec. of Defense: Robert Gates – Goals • Protect the country from attack • Provide trained or ready military forces Military Commands History of Foreign Policy • Internationalism (Cold War to 1980) – WWII: US and USSR emerge as dominant powers (bipolar) • Soviets expand in Europe, Asia, Africa – U.S. Policy of “Containment” – Truman Doctrine: U.S support free people • Nuclear Missiles and 1962 Cuban Missile Crisis – Detente (1960s and 1970s): Easing of Tensions • Nuclear Non-Proliferation Treaty • Strategic Arms Limitation Talks (to reduce nuclear weapons) • Pres. Carter (1977-1981): human rights; but foreign policy failures • Weakening U.S. nuclear missile capability History of Foreign Policy • Internationalism (1980-1991) – Ronald Reagan • Built up nuclear arsenal • Supported military groups overthrowing communist governments – Fall of Communism • USSR: weakened, cannot protect communist governments – East European people revolt against communist governments • USSR collapses in 1991: • Mono-polar world: U.S. only major power History of Foreign Policy • Internationalism (1991-Date): Mono-polar world – Pres. Bush and Clinton • U.S. promotes democracy in E. Europe and Russia • Gulf War 1991 – Pres. G.W. Bush • 9/11 and War on Terrorism – Bush Doctrine » Root out terrorism » US and NATO countries enter Afghanistan and Iraq » Promoting democracy » Promoting capitalism • North Korea explodes nuclear bomb and Iran developing nuclear bomb History of Foreign Policy • Pres. Obama – National Security Focus • Defeat terrorism (Afghanistan War) • Down plays spreading democracy – Multilateralism: engage other nations in solving world problems • Korea: Group of Six • Use UN to build coalitions to solve problems – Korean Sanctions • Use force as a last resort – Doesn’t want to use the military as a form of leverage – Date of withdrawal from Afghanistan North Korean Nuclear Problem? __________________ Power in World Politics Nuclear Powers North Korean History • North Korea – Communist Dictatorship: Kim Jon il • Son: Kim Jon-un – Economy • Command: low industrial/agricultural output • GDP: $22 Billion (2002) • Population: 23 Million – Military • 4th Largest Army • 31% of budget goes to military Brief History • 1993 – Clinton deal • N. Korea can develop peaceful nuclear power and gets oil • N. Korea agrees not to develop nuclear weapons • 2003 – N. Korea abrogates Nuclear Proliferation Treaty; demands non-aggression pact with U.S. • 2006 – Detonates first nuclear bomb • 2007 – Agrees to end nuclear energy program • 2008 Brief History – Restarts nuclear program • 2009 – Test second nuclear bomb • 2010 – N. Korea torpedoes S. Korean war ship: 46 killed – U.S imposes sanctions on luxury goods to N. Korea – November • U.S. scientist visits new enriched uranium plant • N. Korea attacks disputed Yeonpyeong Island U.S. Policy Options • Handout aid and security assurances if N. Korea agrees to dismantle nuc program • Military strike on nuclear facilities • Economic sanctions • Allow N. Korea to develop nuclear weapons