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Hazard Recognition
Instructional Goal: the participant will
know what conditions in the waste
site work environment could result in
worker hazards and the importance
of accident or exposure prevention.
Hazard

any substance, situation, or
condition that is capable of harming
human health, property, or the
environment
Risk

a measure of the probability and
severity of a hazard to harm human
health, property, or the environment
Risk  0
Safety

defined as a judgment
of the acceptability of
risk
Site-Specific HASP
For safety of workers protective
methods must be identified.
 A model can be utilized to help
recognize hazards involved in each
task performed at the waste site.

 Job
Safety Analysis - Task specific
Job Hazard Steps
identify the site tasks that have
the potential for injury or illness
 list the steps involved to
perform the task
 use the steps to identify
potential hazards associated
with each step
 determine the best method of
protection

Hazard Recognition

an accurate assessment of all the
hazards posed by the waste site is
nearly impossible due to the large
number and variety of substances
Chemical Hazard ID Systems

NFPA 704 System
Chemical Hazard ID Systems

DOT Labels
Hazard Recognition
A working environment may be characterized
by any combination of the following hazards






ionizing radiation
chemical health hazard
chemical physical hazard
site and equipment hazards
environmental hazards
biological hazards
Multiple hazards

Materials may have more than one hazard.
 1,
primary hazard
 2 ,secondary hazard or subsidiary hazard.
EXAMPLE: gasoline
1 fire hazard - flammable.
2 chemical health hazard - organic solvent
NOTE: A worker must be aware of the
multiple hazards of the materials they deal with
to be protected from them.
Ionizing Radiation
Ionizing radiation is radiation that has
sufficient energy to remove electrons
from atoms.
alpha
 beta
 gamma

Chemical Health Hazard
Health hazards cause adverse health
effects and may be encountered on a
waste site.



Corrosive class
substances
polychlorinated
biphenyls
target organ
poisons





irritants
mutagens
teratogens
asphyxiants
carcinogens
Chemical Physical Hazard
Chemical hazards that cause
physical injury.
Fire and Explosions

combustible liquids, flammable
gases, aerosols and liquids

flammable solids

explosives; pyrophorics

oxidizers; organic peroxides

unstable/reactives; water reactives
Fire Prevention
only qualified personnel to monitor
 use proper precautions and
procedures
 isolate potential ignition sources
 use non-sparking, explosion proof
equipment
 follow established safe work
practices

Oxygen Deficiency

displacement by
another gas

consumption during
a chemical reaction

combustion
Site and Equipment Hazards
holes or ditches
 precariously positioned objects
 sharp objects
 slippery surfaces
 steep grades
 uneven terrain
 unstable surfaces

Noise

effects of noise can
include:
 workers
being startled,
annoyed, or distracted
 physical damage to the
ear, pain, and temporary
or permanent hearing loss
 inability to communicate,
interference
Electrical Hazards
overhead power lines
 downed electrical lines
 unmarked buried cables
 defective insulation
 charged capacitors
 lightning

Prevent Electrical Accidents
regular inspection of equipment
 training on power tools
 use of low voltage and GFCIs
 assure grounding
 energy isolation (LOTO)
 suspend work during electrical
storms

Other Site Hazards
heavy equipment
 PPE
 power tools
 lifting and moving drums/containers
 slips, trips, falls
 excavation hazards

Environmental Hazards
Environmental conditions
posed by the site.
Heat Stress
avoid overprotection
 train personnel that will wear
PPE
 frequently monitor personnel
 carefully schedule work and
rest periods
 drink plenty of fluids

Hypothermia
98.6 Normal
95
Shivering
Loss of muscle control
92
88
Possible Death
Cold Exposure Prevention
To guard against these hazards:




Wear appropriate clothing.
Have warm shelter readily
available.
Carefully schedule work and
rest periods.
Monitor workers' physical
conditions.
Cold Exposure Treatment

Frost-damaged areas
treated as follows:
should
be
Seek medical attention immediately.
 Rewarm the frozen part quickly by
immersing it in warm water.
 Do NOT allow the victim to walk on
frozen feet.
 Elevate the feet after warming.
 Prevent contact between the injured
part and any surface except a sterile
bandage.

Other Environmental Hazards




Plants that cause severe allergic
reactions in some people. (poison
ivy)
Venomous insects that can cause
severe allergic reactions in some
people. (hornets, wasps and
bees)
Snake and animal bites.
Insect bites can cause severe
illness. (ticks and spiders)
Biological Hazards

Pathogens
cholera
 typhoid


Bloodborne diseases
 hepatitis
B virus (HBV)
 human
immunodeficiency
virus (HIV)
Minimize Exposure

Do not clean up blood or body fluids
unless you have been trained.

Know what to do before an emergency
occurs.

Be sure to wash your hands and remove
any PPE before eating, drinking, smoking,
or handling contact lenses.