Download The DynaMotor Brushless Repulsion Motor

The DynaMotorTM Electronic
Brushless Repulsion Motor
A Novel High Torque Brushless
Repulsion Motor
2003 SMMA Meeting
1
Presentation Contents
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Abstract
Background
The Electronic Brushless Repulsion Motor
ASD
Controlling the Brushless Repulsion Motor
(EBR)
Performance of the EBR motor
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Abstract
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The patented Electronic Brushless Reluctance motor
(EBR) is an inexpensive platform for adjustable speed
single phase motors
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Abstract
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The patented Electronic Brushless Reluctance motor
(EBR) is an inexpensive platform for adjustable speed
single phase motors
Similar technology to conventional repulsion motors
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Abstract
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The patented Electronic Brushless Reluctance motor
(EBR) is an inexpensive platform for adjustable speed
single phase motors
Similar technology to conventional repulsion motors
The EBR has no commutator or brushes
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Abstract
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The patented Electronic Brushless Reluctance motor
(EBR) is an inexpensive platform for adjustable speed
single phase motors
Similar technology to conventional repulsion motors
The EBR has no commutator or brushes
Solid state switches (MOSFETs, IGBTs) used for
commutation
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Abstract





The patented Electronic Brushless Reluctance motor
(EBR) is an inexpensive platform for adjustable speed
single phase motors
Similar technology to conventional repulsion motors
The EBR has no commutator or brushes
Solid state switches (MOSFETs, IGBTs) used for
commutation
Isolated control of the commutation switches
2003 SMMA Meeting
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Abstract






The patented Electronic Brushless Reluctance motor
(EBR) is an inexpensive platform for adjustable speed
single phase motors
Similar technology to conventional repulsion motors
The EBR has no commutator or brushes
Solid state switches (MOSFETs, IGBTs) used for
commutation
Isolated control of the commutation switches
Low frequency, high efficiency, low electrical noise
switching
2003 SMMA Meeting
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Abstract







The patented Electronic Brushless Reluctance motor
(EBR) is an inexpensive platform for adjustable speed
single phase motors
Similar technology to conventional repulsion motors
The EBR has no commutator or brushes
Solid state switches (MOSFETs, IGBTs) used for
commutation
Isolated control of the commutation switches
Low frequency, high efficiency, low electrical noise
switching
Universal motor torque-speed characteristic
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Background
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Adjustable speed drives (ASDs) are used in
many commercial and industrial applications
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Background
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Adjustable speed drives (ASDs) are used in
many commercial and industrial applications
Inverter or dc type drives are good technology
but not cost effective for domestic and
residential application
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Background
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Adjustable speed drives (ASDs) are used in
many commercial and industrial applications
Inverter or dc type drives are good technology
but not cost effective for domestic and
residential application
Conventional ASDs have a power controller
between the ac line and the motor
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Background
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Adjustable speed drives (ASDs) are used in
many commercial and industrial applications
Inverter or dc type drives are good technology
but not cost effective for domestic and
residential application
Conventional ASDs have a power controller
between the ac line and the motor
Conventional ASDs using dc motors have a
brush/commutator maintenance issue
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The Electronic Brushless
Repulsion Motor
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New concept ASD using a brushless repulsion
motor
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The Electronic Brushless
Repulsion Motor
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New concept ASD using a brushless repulsion
motor
Eliminates the power controller between the ac
line and the motor
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The Electronic Brushless
Repulsion Motor
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New concept ASD using a brushless repulsion
motor
Eliminates the power controller between the ac
line and the motor
Runs on single phase power
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The Electronic Brushless
Repulsion Motor
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New concept ASD using a brushless repulsion
motor
Eliminates the power controller between the ac
line and the motor
Runs on single phase power
Simple construction – similar to a universal
motor – see US Patent 5,424,625 Drawing Fig. 1
2003 SMMA Meeting
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The Electronic Brushless
Repulsion Motor
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New concept ASD using a brushless repulsion
motor
Eliminates the power controller between the ac
line and the motor
Runs on single phase power
Simple construction – similar to a universal
motor – see US Patent 5,424,625 Drawing Fig. 1
2-Pole and 4-Pole construction most common
types with 6-Pole and 8-Pole as viable
alternatives
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2-Pole EBR Definitions
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Field Pattern of 2-pole EBR Motor
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“Hard” and “Soft” Neutral Positions
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Direction of Torque Produced by a
Shorted Armature Coil
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Rotor angles between 0° and 90° make negative
torque
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Direction of Torque Produced by a
Shorted Armature Coil
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Rotor angles between 0° and 90° make negative
torque
Rotor angles between 90° and 180° make
positive torque
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Direction of Torque Produced by a
Shorted Armature Coil
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Rotor angles between 0° and 90° make negative
torque
Rotor angles between 90° and 180° make
positive torque
Rotor angles between 180° and 270° make
negative torque
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Direction of Torque Produced by a
Shorted Armature Coil
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Rotor angles between
torque
Rotor angles between
positive torque
Rotor angles between
negative torque
Rotor angles between
positive torque
0° and 90° make negative
90° and 180° make
180° and 270° make
270° and 360° (0°) make
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4-Pole EBR Definitions
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Field Pattern of 4-Pole EBR Motor
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Torque Production as a Function of
Rotor Position
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The torque produced by a shorted armature coil
varies as the rotor angle changes
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Torque Production as a Function of
Rotor Position
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The torque produced by a shorted armature coil
varies as the rotor angle changes
The shape and polarity of the torque has halfwave symmetry about the 90° (270°) electrical
position.
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4 .0 0
40
3 .0 0
35
2 .0 0
30
1.0 0
25
0 .0 0
20
- 1.0 0
15
- 2 .0 0
10
- 3 .0 0
5
- 4 .0 0
0
0
15
30
45
60
75
90
105
120
135
150
165
180
Armature Position - Degrees
Torque-LbFt
Stator I
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Rotor I
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Amperes
Torque-LbFt
Two-Pole Motor, Vstator = 43Vac, one armature coil shorted
48 Frame 4-pole motor, Vstator = 50Vac, one armature coil shorted
25
20
15
10
LbIn
5
0
-5
-10
-15
-20
-25
0
15
30
45
60
75
90
Armature Position - Degrees
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Torque Production as a Function of
Rotor Position
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To produce positive torque it is only necessary to
short the armature coil when it is in the positive
torque region
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Torque Production as a Function of
Rotor Position
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To produce positive torque it is only necessary to
short the armature coil when it is in the positive
torque region
To produce negative torque it is only necessary
to short the armature coil when it is in the
negative torque region
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Controlling the EBR Motor
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The simplest method to control the motor is to
use a technique called “Position Control”
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Controlling the EBR Motor
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The simplest method to control the motor is to
use a technique called “Position Control”
Position Control activates the solid-state shorting
switch with a photoelectric device over a fixed
included rotor angle called the “Control Angle”
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Controlling the EBR Motor
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The simplest method to control the motor is to
use a technique called “Position Control”
Position Control activates the solid-state shorting
switch with a photoelectric device over a fixed
included rotor angle called the “Control Angle”
Basic circuit elements include a small power
supply, some photo detectors, the solid-state
switches to short the coils, and a transient
energy clamp circuit
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Controlling the EBR Motor
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The placement of the photo detectors have the
same angular spacing as the angular spacing of
the armature coils
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Controlling the EBR Motor
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The placement of the photo detectors have the
same angular spacing as the angular spacing of
the armature coils
Controlling the photo detectors is accomplished
in simple position control by placing LEDs on the
stator. Leds are placed to activate the photo
detectors each time they enter a torque
producing region.
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Controlling the EBR Motor
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The placement of the photo detectors have the
same angular spacing as the armature coils
angular spacing
Controlling the photo detectors is accomplished
in simple position control by placing LEDs on the
stator. Leds are placed to activate the photo
detectors each time they enter a torque
producing region.
Multiple coils produce many torque pulses per
revolution
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Photo detectors on the control assembly
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MOSFET power switches on control assembly
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LED array
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Controlling the EBR Motor
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The alternative to a simple position type control
is to use a variable position control
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Controlling the EBR Motor
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The alternative to a simple position type control
is to use a variable position control
This method uses the same LED arrangement as
a simple position control except the number of
LEDS that are turned on in the LED array is
controlled to adjust the control angle, thereby
controlling the motor torque and speed.
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Controlling the EBR Motor
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Timer Control of the EBR motor
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Controlling the EBR Motor
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Timer Control of the EBR motor
Simplified positioning of the photo detectors and
LEDs
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Controlling the EBR Motor
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Timer Control of the EBR motor
Simplified positioning of the photo detectors and
LEDs
Accurate speed control as a by product of timer
control
2003 SMMA Meeting
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Controlling the EBR Motor
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Timer Control of the EBR motor
Simplified positioning of the photo detectors and
LEDs
Accurate speed control as a by product of timer
control
Timer control is most readily implemented using
a small microprocssor
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Performance of the EBR motor
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Speed range of 5 to 1 in constant HP application
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Performance of the EBR motor
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Speed range of 5 to 1 in constant HP application
Capable of operating above “base speed”
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Performance of the EBR motor
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Speed range of 5 to 1 in constant HP application
Capable of operating above “base speed”
Capable of running on sine or square-wave
voltage supplies
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Performance of the EBR motor
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Speed range of 5 to 1 in constant HP application
Capable of operating above “base speed”
Capable of running on sine or square-wave
voltage supplies
Multiple motors can operate from the same
power source
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Performance of the EBR motor
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Speed range of 5 to 1 in constant HP application
Capable of operating above “base speed”
Capable of running on sine or square-wave
voltage supplies
Multiple motors can operate from the same
power source
Operates well in constant HP or constant torque
applications
2003 SMMA Meeting
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56 Fr motor w/6 inch stack - Constant HP
90
0.90
PF
80
0.70
60
Eff
0.60
50
HP
0.50
40
0.40
30
0.30
20
LbIn
0.20
10
0.10
0
0.00
2500
0
500
1000
1500
2000
Speed - RPM
Motor LbIn
P.F.
Eff.
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HP
55
HP, PF, Eff
Amps, LbIn
70
0.80
56 Frame 6" Stack 4-Pole Motor - Constant T Load
1.00
25
0.90
20
0.70
0.60
15
0.50
0.40
10
0.30
0.20
Torque - LbIn
HP, PF, Efficiency
0.80
5
0.10
0.00
0
200
400
600
800
1000
1200
1400
1600
1800
2000
0
2200
Speed - RPM
P.F.
Eff.
HP
Motor LbIn
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Conclusions
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The EBR motor is a new and practical way to
provide variable speed.
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Conclusions
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The EBR motor is a new and practical way to
provide variable speed.
High speed applications can be satisfied with a
self contained brushless drive
2003 SMMA Meeting
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Conclusions
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The EBR motor is a new and practical way to
provide variable speed.
High speed applications can be satisfied with a
self contained brushless drive
An EBR motor is a better choice than forcing a
conventional motor to be a variable speed motor
2003 SMMA Meeting
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