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CIS 318: Ethics for the IT Professional Week 1 Dr. Jesús Borrego Regis University 1 scis.regis.edu ● [email protected] Agenda • • • • • • 2 Instructor Course Overview Course Materials First Night Assignment Chapter 1 Homework 2 Instructor Dr. Jesús Borrego Education ◦ PhD MIS; MS CS; BS CS; BS EE Hometown: ◦ Colorado Springs Married, 5 kids Teaching since 1989, various levels At Regis U. since 1995 3 Course Introduction Textbook: • Reynolds, George W. (2010). Ethics in information technology. (4th edition) Cengage Learning. ISBN 13: 978-1-111-53413-4 4 Course Overview • This course focuses on ethical problems that arise in an information technology setting • The course emphasizes the individual decision-maker in the entry-level position as well as at the managerial level • The course studies the various philosophical and social/psychological decision systems that managers and employees alike can use to resolve ethical problems 5 Course Overview (Cont’d) • Ethics can be a very complex and contradictory concept to learn and study • Many individuals spend their lifetimes exploring ethics and its application in society • This course is an introductory course in ethics • The focus is on ethical concerns and issues related to the areas of Information Technology 6 Course Objectives • Define ethics and your own personal ethics statement, and identify your own personal values. • Describe why integrity and values are an important part of ethics. • Differentiate between technical, preference, and ethical decisions. • Discuss the three ethical theories of teleology, deontology, and egalitarianism, and apply one of these theories to a case study. 7 Course Objectives (Cont’d) • Describe how ethical theories can be used to solve ethical situations. • Analyze an ethical dilemma using a theoretical viewpoint. • Define the importance of effective decision making, and assess personal decisionmaking styles and needs. • Identify the significant components of decision making, and discuss decision making in ethical situations. 8 Week by Week 9 Grading Homework Value (%) In Class Assignments/Participation 40 Written Assignments 40 Final Project 20 Total 10 100 Written Assignments 11 • An important component of this course is the completion of written assignments • All written work is expected to meet undergraduate level standards • Assignments will be graded for content and for writing skills • The Publication Manual of the American Psychological Association (APA) is to be used for written work in the College for Professional Studies. Research papers required in this and other courses are expected to follow APA guidelines. APA Format • The Publication Manual of the American Psychological Association (APA) is to be used for written work in the College for Professional Studies • Research papers required in this and other courses are expected to follow APA guidelines • Regis University provides APA resources: http://www.regis.edu/regis.asp?sctn=ars &p1=ws 12 Final Project • For the course final project, your task is to start your own information technology company. You will create the major framework for your company’s business practices, policies, and processes with ethics in mind. • The final project is due in the Drop Box by midnight (MT) Saturday of Week 8. Resources: • Final Project Description • Final Project Notes and Tips • Final Project Rubric 13 Web Page • http://academic.regis.edu/jborrego • Click CIS318 14 Introduction to Ethics • Ethics video: Ethical Theory, by Prof. McGowan (14:29 min.): http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=0QScIJnWQxE 15 Activity 1 • Write a paragraph where you define, in your own words, what ethics means to you (15 min.) • In a group, talk about each other’s definition and create a consensus from the group (15 min.) • Write the group definition on the board 16 Ethics 17 • An attempt to study if something is morally right of wrong • What decides is it is right or wrong? • Who decides? • Are Ethics concepts universally accepted? • Why/Why not? • In the business world, are ethics important? Ingredients • Virtue ▫ Individual inclination to act with reason • Vice ▫ Individual inclination to act in a manner that is not acceptable • Virtues and vices define an individual’s value system 18 Good versus evil • The image of an individual • Angel on right shoulder • Demon on the left shoulder • What does it mean? 19 Dialectics • Is the process where an individual’s thinking alternates with different points of view ▫ We try to evaluate pros and cons ▫ The object is to select the best option • Example: ▫ Is it right to use your neighbors WiFi without permission? 20 Slippery Slope • What does it mean? • What does it have to do with ethics? • Patrick Kuhse: Prominence to Prison: A Slippery Slope (3:25 min.) http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=h10_yI52z 8s • Patrick Kuhse: On Decision Making and Ethics (3:30 min.) http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=f1FeBiYcN A0 • Provide an example of slippery slope for a typical student 21 Ethics • Moral code ▫ Rules ▫ Limits moral behavior ▫ Different rules cause confusion • Morality ▫ Social conviction over right and wrong ▫ Widely shared ▫ Basis for general understanding 22 Morality variations Due to • Age • Cultural group • Ethnic background • Life experiences • Education • Gender 23 Ethical or legal? • Can something be ethical but not legal? • Can something be legal but not ethical? • Provide examples 24 Integrity • Integrity is the corner stone of ethical behavior • People with integrity ▫ Act according to moral code ▫ Treat everybody with respect and consideration ▫ Apply moral code to all situations • Lack of integrity is evident if we apply the moral code differently based on the situation • Ethical dilemma is not an easy issue 25 Morality, Ethics, Laws • Morality: belief that something is good or bad • Ethics: code of behavior expected from a group of individuals • Laws: System of rules that indicate what can and cannot be done: ▫ Reinforced by an institutional system ▫ Legal actions according to the law ▫ Moral acts according to individual’s beliefs 26 Professional Ethics • Professional Ethics in Engineering, Part 7: Codes of Ethics (7:56 min.) http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=r4HrtcSwpV E 27 Ethics in Enterprises • The probability of a negative impact on business behavior that is not appropriate has increased • WorldComm, Anderson Consulting, Enron • Globalization creates complex issues • Enterprises are challenged to maintain higher profits by their share holders 28 HealthSouth Empire • Corporate corruption • See: http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=WbhpglzmuFg http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Ds-BL8lzXuk 29 Respected by the community • Companies famous for their ethical decisions are well respected by the community • The business values must be communicated to all employees • Training in ethical issues can protect the business • Examples? 30 Avoid negative publicity • Negative publicity for a company can cause its ruin • Government contracts are not allowed to companies perceived to be unethical • Communities reject products or services from unethical companies 31 Ethics in Informatics • • • • • • 32 Monitoring electronic mail Copyright violations Spam – unsolicited email Identity Theft Hackers Students and plagiarism Homework #1 • Ethical theories based on a case study • The document must be in proper English, in APA format, including title page and references • Provide at least 2 citations and 2 references • Submit before week 2 to WorldClass 33 Homework #1 Case Study • Context: You are the newly appointed manager of a high-tech company that is suffering serious financial problems. Corporate headquarters is planning layoffs, which you know will affect your department. An employee you supervise, who used to be a coworker prior to your promotion, has approached you with the following question: “Do you know if there will be layoffs in our group? I’ve got a mortgage and a kid in college. A layoff would be catastrophic to me at this time.” 34 Homework #1 Task Description • Task Description: Research three ethical theories/approaches, such as utilitarianism (teleology), relativism, deontology, egalitarianism, etc. • Write a brief paragraph on each theory/approach. In this paragraph, provide a definition of the theory/approach, cite pros and cons, and state why you chose the theory/approach. • Next, select one of the three theories/approaches. Use this theory/approach to frame your response to the employee in the scenario above. Be sure to provide the rationale for your response. 35 Questions? 36