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FIELD TRIP: Strouds Run State Park 6 Oct 2012 Highlights & Clarifications Bugleweed Ebony (Va. water horehound) spleenwort Indian tobacco LOCAL FLORA Dr. Donald P. Althoff Autumn coralroot CLASS: Liliopsida (monocot FAMILY: Orchidaceae (orchid family) _________________ (USDA) Small flowered coral root (Blair) Late coralroot (Newton’s) (not listed in Peterson’s) Corallorhiza odontorhiza each flower subtended by a small, linear-lanceolate ________ _________ linear-lanceolate, 3-4.5 mm long X 1-1.5 mm wide, madder-purple, typically green at the base. Autumn coralroot (USDA) Small flowered coral root (Blair) Late coralroot (Newton’s) Known to be ______________. Could be insect-pollinated Flowering: late August-late October (i.e., 10/6/2012!!!) __________ of 3 coralroots in Ohio to flower Autumn coralroot (USDA) Small flowered coral root (Blair) Late coralroot (Newton’s) Variation on the “purple dotting” of the _____ USDA: Endangered for FL, MA, ME, NH, NY, RI, VT …_________ Top and Under (note spores) CLASS: Filicopsida (whisk ferns) FAMILY: Stalk dark brown, shining, Polypodiaceae smooth, short, (spleenwort stiff, and erect family) _________________ Asplenium platyneuron Top of leaf – never spores Under leaf - spores Ebony spleenwort Asplenium platyneuron Cutleaf grapefern Botrychium dissectum Sporophyll…. spore-bearing leaf Cutleaf grapefern Botrychium dissectum Botrychium dissectum f. ____________ Botrychium dissectum f. _________ CLASS: Magnoliopsida (dicot) FAMILY: Cornaceae (dogwood family) _____________ dogwood Cornus drummonii Leaves are ___________ & ________ to the touch IF you rub a certain way Roughleaf dogwood Cornus drummonii Roughleaf dogwood Cornus drummonii “Winged”stem and branching… wingstem does not branch CLASS: Magnoliopsida (dicot) FAMILY: Celastraceae (bittersweet family) Distinctive flower (pink) & seed pods (red) _______ (eastern) = burningbush (USDA) Euonymus atropurpureus Wahoo (eastern) ___________ Euonymus atropurpureus Verbesina alternifolia Small flowers “tucked” CLASS: into leaf axils…not Magnoliopsida close together (dicot) Most common lobelia July-August “typical” blooming period ______________ Lobelia inflata FAMILY: Campanulaceae (bellflower family) Lobelioideae – 1 of 2 ___________ in bellflower family Great blue lobelia Indian tobacco Lower “lip” formed by ____ petals !!! Base of flower becomes swollen seed pod Alternate leaves, toothed and ovate (more for basal leaves Indian Tobacco Lobelia inflata Indian Tobacco (Lobelia inflata) • Early New England settlers used often • The most potent part of the plant is the seed as it contains the most ________ — the main ingredient which gives the plant its pyschoactive property. More a relaxant than a “euphoric” high • Potentially toxic • _______ seed is usually what is “used”, but leaf, too Note roundness or lack of for leaf tips Beaked _______ Small-flowered __________ CLASS: Small flowers in clusters in leaf _____ Magnoliopsida (dicot) FAMILY: Laminaceae (mint family) Strongly toothed but not lobed leaves… ____ odor __________-stem ____________ / Virginia water horehound Lycopus virginicus (USDA) CLASS: Magnoliopsida (dicot) FAMILY: Asteraceae (aster family) sunflower species ___________________ Helianthus tuberosus Grows 4-6 ft high (or higher) Very rough leaves and stem Upper-leaves – ___________ Lower leaves—___________ Jerusalem artichoke Helianthus tuberosus Species Highlights • Ferns: • Christmas • Ebony spleenwort • Cutleaf grapefern (__________) • • Autumn coralroot Roughleaf dogwood Bugleweed (Va. water horehound) Indian tobacco Jerusalem artichoke