Download Plant Parts and Functions

Plant Parts and
Functions
Parts of The Plant
Roots
2 Types of Root Systems
Taproot System
Primary root grows down
from the stem with some
small secondary roots
forming
Examples: Carrots & Turnips
Roots
Fibrous System
Small lateral roots that
spread out just below the
soil’s surface
Examples: Corn & Beans
Parts of the Root
Epidermis
Outermost layer of cells
Cortex
Tissue inside epidermis that
stores starch and other
substances necessary for the
growth of the root
Parts of the Root
Root Cap
Provides protection for the root tip
Root Hairs
Site of absorption
Vascular Tissue
Within cortex, contains cells that transport
water, nutrients, and minerals to all parts of
the plant
Root Functions
Roots have 4 primary functions
1. Absorption of water and nutrients
(performed by root hairs)
2. Transportation of water and nutrients to stem
3. Anchor plant to maintain stability
4. Store food and water
Leaves
Blade
Main body of leaf
Petiole
Attaches blade to stem
Midrib
Large central vein
Leaves
Apex
Tip of leaf
Base
Attaches to petiole, if petiole is absent
attaches directly to stem
Margin
Edge of leaf
Leaves
Epidermis
Responsible for gas and water exchange
Stomata
Opening in epidermis where gas and water
exchange
Mesophyll
Middle layer of leaf where photosynthesis occurs
Important Functions of
Leaves
Photosynthesis
Process that plants use to produce their food
6CO2 + 6H2OC6H1206 + 6 O2
Transpiration
Loss of water and exchange of carbon dioxide
Parts of the Stem
Node
Areas where side
branches and leaves
develop from
Internode
Area between nodes
Lenticles
Small holes located in the
stem (breathing pores)
Functions of the Stem
1. Transports water and nutrients from roots
to leaves
2. Supports leaves, fruits and flowers
3. Food Storage
Fruit Classification
Aggregate
Develop from a single
flower with many ovaries
Examples: Strawberries & Tulips
Fruit Classification
Multiple
Fruit develops from a
group of tightly
clustered flowers
Examples: Pineapples & Figs
Fruit Classification
Simple
Develop from a
single ovary
Examples: Cherries & Tomatoes
Fruit’s Function
Site of seed production
Flower Parts
Pistil
Female part of plant
Consists of:
•Stigma
•Style
•Ovary
Flower Parts
Stamen
Male reproductive organ
Consists of:
•Anther
•Stamen
Flower Parts
Petals
Highly colored part of the flower, may
contain perfume and/or nectar glands
Sepals
Small green structures on the base of
a flower that protect the flower bud
Flower Classification
Complete flower
Has all four male and female parts
Incomplete flower
Missing one of the four male or
female parts
Perfect flower
Has stamens and pistils
Imperfect flower
Lacking either stamens or pistils
Flower Function
Sexual Reproduction is the flowers sole function
Pollination by:
Wind
Insects and Birds
Parts of the Seed
Embryo
Growing part of seed
Endosperm
Tissue that provides nutrition for the developing seed
Cotyledon
Food storage tissue
Parts of the Seed
Seedcoat
Protective outer covering of the seed
Scutellum
Absorbs the endosperm