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Transcript
Slide 1 Structure of Plants Slide 2 1. 2. 3. A. Functions of Roots Anchor & support plant in the ground Absorb water & minerals Hold soil in place Root Hairs Fibrous Roots Slide 5 A. Functions of Stems 1.Support system for plant body 2.Transport system carries water & nutrients 3.Holds leaves & branches upright Looking at the Each light and dark picture the left: tree ringtoequals one year of annual growth. What years had Light rings for fast the most rain? spring growth, dark for slow summer growth. What Smalleryears rings tell of experienced the past droughts that have occurred. worst drought? Slide # 6 A. Functions of Leaves 1. Main photosynthetic organ 2. Broad, flat surface increases surface area for light absorption 3. Have systems to prevent water loss • Stomata open in day but close at night or when hot to conserve water • waxy cuticle on surface 4. System of gas exchange • Allow CO2 in and O2 out of leaf Elephant Ear Plant Slide # 7 B. Leaf Structures Leaf Cross-Section 1.Cuticle: waxy layer; covers upper surface Cuticle Mesophyll • Protects leaf against water loss 2.Veins: transports water, nutrients and food • Made of xylem and phloem 3.Mesophyll: contains cells that perform photosynthesis b/c they contain Chloroplasts. Veins Stoma (Opening) 2 Guard Cells Surround each Stoma Stoma- singular Stomata-plural Slide # 18 Chapter 25 Plant Responses and Adaptations Slide #19 Hormone Action on Plants A. Plant cells can produce hormones: which are chemical messengers that travel throughout the plant causing other cells called target cells to respond. B. In plants, hormones control: Movement of hormone Hormoneproducing cells Target cells 1. Plant growth & development 2. Plant responses to environment Cells in one blooming flower signals other blooms using hormones to open. Slide # 20 C. Plant cells will send signals to one another to tell them: 1. When trees to drop their leaves. 2. When to start new growth. 3. When to cause fruit to ripen. 4. When to cause flowers to bloom. 5. When to cause seeds to sprout. Tree Budding Fruit Ripening Cactus Blooming Leaf Drop Sprouting Corn Seeds Slide # 21 D. Ethylene causes Fruit to Ripen 1.Fruit tissues release a small amount of ethlyene 2.Causes fruits to ripen. 3.As fruit become ripe, they produce more and more ethlyene, accelerating the ripening process. Ethylene released by apples and tomatoes causes fruit to age quickly. Slide # 22 Plant Tropisms 1. Tropism: the way a plant grows in response to stimuli in the environment. a.Phototropism: growth response to light -Plants bend towards light a.Geotrophism: growth response to gravity -plant roots grow down with gravity, shoots (stems) grow up against gravity and out of the soil. a.Thigmotropism: growth response to touch -vines grow up around trees, venus flytrap closes when leaves are touched Slide # 23 What type of tropism is shown in these pictures?