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Transcript
Seed Plants What is a seed plant? • Seed plants have two important characteristics: – Vascular tissue – Use pollen and seeds to reproduce What is a seed plant? • Vascular tissue – Vascular tissue helps seed plants stand upright and supply their cells with food and water. – There are two types of vascular tissue: • Phloem – where food moves through • Xylem – where water and minerals move through What is a seed plant? • Reproduction – Seed plants produce pollen, which are tiny structures that contain cells that will later become sperm cells. – Pollen delivers sperm cells directly near the eggs. – After the sperm fertilizes the egg, a seed develops. – A seed contains a young plant in a protective covering. How seeds develop • Inside a seed is a partially developed plant. • If a seed lands in an area where conditions are favorable, the plant sprouts out of the seed and begins to grow. Seed Structure • A seed has three main parts: – Embryo – Stored food – Seed coat Seed Structure • Embryo – The young plant that develops from the zygote is the embryo. – The embryo already has the beginnings of roots, stems, and leaves. Seed Structure • Stored food – The seed has stored food for the embryo to use in between the embryo and the seed coat. Seed Structure • Seed coat – The outer covering of a seed is its seed coat. – The seed coat protects the embryo and the food from drying out. Roots • Roots do three things for a plant: – Anchor it to the ground – Absorb water and minerals from the soil – Sometimes store food Stems • The stem has two major functions: – Carry substances between the plant roots and leaves. – Provide support to the plants and hold up the leaves so they can get the sunlight they need. Leaves • Leaves capture the sun’s energy and carry out the food-making process of photosynthesis.