Download 5.1 animal adaptation - science

Adaptations to life
GCSE
Biology 1b Evolution and Environment
CORE
Adaptations to life in the classroom
Your new partners for the remainder of Biology 1 are as
follows. Please move as requested. These will change again
for Chemistry 1 (after half term break)
GCSE
Biology 1b Evolution and Environment
CORE
GCSE
Biology 1b Evolution and Environment
CORE
Learning objectives
KQ: How can hair/fur help animals to survive in very cold
climates?
Know that
• all living things have adaptations which help them to
survive. These are not just physical but can be
behavioural
• There are dis/advantages to lots of body fat
• animals adapted to cold environments are often large,
with a small SA:V ratio and thick insulating layers of fur
and fat.
• animals adapted to hot, dry environments often have a
large SA:V, thin fur, little body fat and behaviour
patterns that avoid the heat during the day.
• by changing their coat colour some organisms are always
camouflaged
GCSE
Biology 1b Evolution and Environment
CORE
I know that all living things have adaptations which help them to survive
Adaptations
• All organisms need
food,water and
nutrients to grow.
• Environments, such as
rainforests and coral
The larger the
animal
reefs,
are very
the smaller itsdifferent.
surface
• To grow well and
area is when compared
produce offspring, an
organism needs special
to isits volume.
Surface Area:Volume
features to survive in
the ratio of how big an
its habitat
animal is compared to how
• We call these
much space they take up!
characteristics
Why is this important?
adaptations.
GCSE
Biology 1b Evolution and Environment
CORE
Task 1: Adaptations
1. Divide the animals and plants into ‘hot’ and
‘cold’ environments.
2. Identify some common adaptations that
each group have.
GCSE
Biology 1b Evolution and Environment
CORE
If a penguin
Stood in a box
The size of the box would be 5cm length, width, depth
What would be the surface area of such a box? (5x5) x6 = 150
What would be the volume of the same box?
5x5x5 = 125
What is the SA:V ratio for this penguin? 150:125 simplify 6:5
GCSE
Biology 1b Evolution and Environment
CORE
•Often large,
•Small SA:V ratio
•Thick insulating layers of fur
•Small SA on ears
•Thick layer of
blubber also used
as a source of
food
GCSE
Biology 1b Evolution and Environment
CORE
If a fox
Stood in a box
The size of the box would be 1cm length, width, depth
What would be the surface area of such a box? (1x1) x6 = 6
What would be the volume of the same box?
What is the SA:V ratio for this penguin?
GCSE
1x1x1 = 1
6:1
Biology 1b Evolution and Environment
CORE
•Have a large SA:V which helps them lose heat
through their skin
•Large and thin ears to help with larger SA
•Little fur which is fine and silky so its easier to lose
heat
•Little body fat so its easier to lose body heat
•behaviour patterns that avoid the heat during the
day and are more active in cooler times of the day
•Obtain the water they need from their food
GCSE
Biology 1b Evolution and Environment
CORE
By changing their coat colour
some organisms are always
camouflaged.
GCSE
Biology 1b Evolution and Environment
CORE
You have
3 mins planning time
2 mins gathering time
5 mins making time
Then you and your partner will have
an animal that you will need to
explain an adaptation it has and to
which environment (cold or hot)
GCSE
Biology 1b Evolution and Environment
CORE
You and your partner have
30secs
to explain where your
animal lives and what
its adaptation is
GCSE
Biology 1b Evolution and Environment
CORE
Learning objectives
KQ: How can hair/fur help animals to survive in very cold
climates?
Know that
• all living things have adaptations which help them to
survive
• There are advantages and disadvantages to lots of body
fat
• animals adapted to cold environments are often large,
with a small SA:V ratio and thick insulating layers of fur
and fat.
• animals adapted to hot, dry environments often have a
large SA:V, thin fur, little body fat and behaviour
patterns that avoid the heat during the day.
• by changing their coat colour some organisms are always
camouflaged
GCSE
Biology 1b Evolution and Environment
CORE
Animal adaptations in the
Desert
• Lizards are adapted to the desert…..
• Their special features are …
GCSE
Biology 1b Evolution and Environment
CORE
Adaptations to the Ocean
• Killer whales are adapted to the ocean…..
• Their special features are …
GCSE
Biology 1b Evolution and Environment
CORE
Adaptations to the Ocean
• Fish are adapted to the ocean…..
• Their special features are …
GCSE
Biology 1b Evolution and Environment
CORE
Adaptations in a woodland
• Which types of animals live I the woodland?
• What features would they need to survive?
GCSE
Biology 1b Evolution and Environment
CORE
Task 4: Plant adaptations in
the Desert
• Plants like cacti have
adaptations such as very deep
or wide root systems to
collect as much water as
possible.
• Plants that live in dry areas
also need adaptations to
reduce the amount of water
they lose
•
GCSE
Draw a diagram and
illustrate with words how
plants are adapted to
different environments
• They lose water through tiny
holes (stomata) in their leaves
when they make food by
photosynthesis.
Biology 1b Evolution and Environment
CORE
Summary task
•
Past exam question – what have you learnt????
•
•
plants lose water by evaporation through leaves.
plants in dry areas have reduced surface area on their leaves and/or water storage
tissues.
KQ: How do plants store water to adapt to hot conditions?
GCSE
Biology 1b Evolution and Environment
CORE
Learning objectives
• State materials organisms need from
their surroundings to survive
• Describe adaptations of some
organisms to their environment
• Explain how plants can survive in
areas of limited water
GCSE
Biology 1b Evolution and Environment
CORE