Download Plants!!! - Fort Bend ISD

Plants!!!
“Stationary
Animals that
Eat Sunlight!!”
What is a plant?
Plants are multicellular Eukaryotes
that have cell walls made of cellulose
and carry out photosynthesis using
green pigments called chlorophyll.
Overview of the Plant
Kingdom
Four Main groups of Plants:
1.
2.
3.
4.
Mosses
Ferns
Gymnosperms - cone bearers
Angiosperms - flowering plants
Overview of the Plant
Kingdom!!!
Overview of the Plant
Kingdom
Four Main groups of Plants:
Mosses!!
- Have spores, not seeds
- Have no roots
Ferns!!
- Also have spores not seeds
- Have roots
Gymnosperms!
- Are cone bearing plants like Pine
trees
- Their seeds are naked!
Angiosperms!
- Are flowering
plants!!
- Their seeds are
surrounded by a
fruit.
- They make up
90% of all plants
alive today
Plant Classification
Plants
Non-flowering
Sporebearing
No
roots
Mosses
with
roots
Ferns
Naked
seeds
Gymnosperms
Flowering
1 seedleaf
Monocots
2 seedleaves
Dicots
Angiosperms!
Angiosperms are divided into 2
distinct groups named for their
number of seed leaves:
1. Monocots
2. Dicots
Monocots vs. Dicots
Angiosperms!
Stems can be:
Herbaceous – green and soft
stemmed. Ex: dandelions
Woody – tough and strong
stemmed. Ex: trees and roses
Angiosperms!
Lifespan can be:
Annuals – live ONLY one year
Biennials – live ONLY two years
Perennials – live many years
Plant Parts!!!
Plants have three main organs:
1. Roots
2. Stems
3. Leaves
Plant Parts!!!
Plant
Organ
Function
Roots
Absorbs water and nutrients.
Anchors plant to the ground.
Stems
Supports the plant body.
Transports water and nutrients.
Leaves
Capture sunlight for photosynthesis
Gas exchange (stomata)
Plant Vascular
(transport) Systems!
A plant’s vascular
system (think
veins) carries
water and sugary
sap all the way
through the plant
from roots to
stem to leaves.
Plant Vascular
(transport) Systems!
Two types:
1. Xylem – carries water from
roots to rest of the plant
2. Phloem – carries sugars (called
sap) from the leaves to the
rest of the plant
Plant Roots!
Two Main Types:
1. Fibrous Roots – fine, branching
roots (Ex.: grasses)
2. Tap Roots – one large root (Ex:
carrots!)
Tap vs. Fibrous Roots
Plant Stems!
I want you to be aware of:
Rhizomes - a specialized
underground stem.
Rhizomes
Rhizome vs. Rhizoid
Plant Leaves!
Stomata (opening on underside of
leaves for gas exchange) are found
here.
Stomata are opened and closed by
guard cells that surround the stoma.
Closing stomata prevents water loss
and keeps the plant from drying out.
Stomata/Guard
Cells
Plant Kingdom
Non-flowering
Plants
Flowering
Plants
. 3 groups
Non - flowering Plants
Mosses
Ferns
Gymnosperms
Do NOT produce flowers
. 2 groups
Flowering
Plants
Monocotyledons
Dicotyledons
.
roots, stems, leaves
.
vascular tissues (transport)
.
flowers, fruits (contain seeds)
Plant Classification
Plants
Non-flowering
Sporebearing
No
roots
Mosses
with
roots
Ferns
Naked
seeds
Gymnosperms
Flowering
1 seedleaf
Monocots
2 seedleaves
Dicots