Download 3rd quarter days

Kingdom Plantae
Objective:
List the characteristics of plants
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Kingdom Plantae
a.
b.
Plants are complex multicellular autotrophs; they
have specialized cells and tissues.
Most plants have vascular tissue, which is made up of
specialized cells that play a role in transporting
water and dissolved nutrients.
Vascular Tissues include: Xylem & Phloem
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Kinds of Plants
i.
Plants without a well-developed system of vascular
tissues are called nonvascular plants. Mosses are the
most familiar example of nonvascular plants
e.g. Liverworts
Mosses
i.
Plants with a well-developed system of vascular tissues
are called vascular plants. Their larger, more-complex
bodies are organized into roots, stems, and leaves.
i.
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Most plants are vascular plants.
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iv.
Ferns are the most common and familiar seedless
vascular plants. They reproduce with spores that are
resistant to drying.
iv.
Gymnosperms are vascular plants that reproduce using
seeds but do not produce flowers.
vi.
Most plants that produce seeds also produce flowers.
Flowering plants are called angiosperms (also include
fruit-bearing plants).
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+ Plant Structure
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Leaves
 Photosynthetic
organ of the plant, used to convert
sunlight into food
 Stomata: pores
within the leaf that open to let CO2
in and O2 out. Guard cells open and close.
 Cuticle: waxy
loss
covering on leaf that prevents water
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Stems
 Support
plant
 transport
water through xylem
 transport
nutrients through phloem
a
celery stalk soaked in food coloring will absorb
the food coloring, you can see the xylem
 Two
types of stems: herbacious and woody
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Roots
 water
and minerals are absorbed (taproots vs
fibrous roots)
 also
used to anchor the plant
 movement
of water up to leaves is influenced by
TRANSPIRATION
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gymnosperms
 "naked
 cone
seeds”
bearing plants (seeds grow on cones)
 needle
like leaves
 usually
stay green year round
 wind
pollinated
 Examples: pine
trees & evergreens
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e. Angiosperms
 flowering
 seeds
plants
are enclosed in a fruit
 most
are pollinated by birds & bees
 have
finite growing seasons
 Examples: grasses, tulips, oaks, dandelions
 Divided
into two main groups: Monocots & Dicots
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Monocots vs. Dicots
+Angiosperms- 2 types of flowering
plants
Characterist
Description
Dicots
Monocots
Cotyledons
Storage tissue that
provides nutrition
to the developing
seedling
2 Cotyledons
1 cotyledon
Leaf Venation
The pattern of
veins in leaves
Netted (a
branching
pattern)
Parallel
Flowering
Parts
Number of petals,
sepals, stamen and
other flowering
parts
In 4s, 5s, or
multiples
thereof
In 3s or
multiples
thereof
Vascular
Bundles
Arrangement of
bundles of
vascular tissue in
stems
Organized in a
circle
Scattered
ic
Fibrous system
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Monocots

Angiosperms that have 1
seed leaf (cotyledon)

parallel veins on leaves

3 part symmetry for flowers

fibrous roots

Example: lilies, onions, corn,
grasses, wheat
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Dicots
 Angiosperms
that have
2 seed leaves
(cotyledons)
 net
veins on leaves
 flowers
have 4-5 parts
 taproots
 Examples: trees
and
ornamental flowers
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•Reproductive
organ of
the plant
•Flowers
are usually
both male and female
Flower
•The
male part of the
flower is the STAMEN
•The
female part of the
flower is the PISTIL
+ Plant Reproduction
 Pollen
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is produced by the stamen.
 Pollen
moves away from the plant via the wind
or other pollinators (birds & bees)
 The
pollen lands on the pistil of another plant
and fertilizes the eggs within the ovary
 The
flower petals fall off, the ovary develops
into a FRUIT that encloses the seeds
 Fruits
are dispersed in a variety of ways (wind,
animals)
 Fruits
are not always edible, anything with a
seed inside can be considered a fruit
(helicopters, acorns, dandelions)
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Asexual Reproduction in Plants
 Many
plants can clone themselves, a process
called VEGETATIVE PROPAGATION
 strawberry
plants and other vine like plants send
out runners, which grow into new plants
 some
a
plant clippings will grow into new plants
Potato will grow into a new plant
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 Perennials
- live several years, and reproduce
many times, woody plants are perennials
 Annuals
- a plant that completes its life cycle in
one growing season (grows, flowers, reproduces
and then dies)
 Biennials
- takes two growing seasons to complete,
it reproduces in the second growing season