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Plant Classification and Naming
Botany November 20, 2008
Classifying Plants
• Early classification was based
upon segregating those plants
that were harmful from those that
were not.
• They were further divided by their
specific uses
• Plants that were eaten, used for
medicine or were poisonous.
Classifying Plants
Some plants are classified by their life
cycles
• Annual (winter and summer)
– Germination, Growth, Flowering, Death
• Perennial
– Germination, Growth, Flowering, Dormancy
and the cycle starts over
• Biennial
– Season 1-Germination, Growth, Dormancy,
Growth (season 2) Flowering, Death
Plant Classification
• Some are classified by stem type.
• Herbaceous Plants-Stems that are soft and not
woody, such as herbs, certain vines and turf
grasses that die back to the ground each year.
• Woody Plants-Includes any shrubs, trees or
certain vines which produce wood and have
buds surviving above ground over the winter
• Deciduous Plants-leafless during a portion of the
year (usually winter).
• Evergreen Plants-keep their leaves year round.
They are either narrow leaf or broadleaf.
Plant Classification
The ability of a plant to withstand colder
temperatures is known as hardiness.
A tender plant is more sensitive to temperature
extremes
A hardy plant is less sensitive to temperature
extremes
Plant Classification
Dicots are plants characterized by
two cotyledons (seed leaves) in
their seedling stage. They have
flower parts in fours or fives or
multiples of these numbers
• Monocots are plants characterized
by one cotyledon in their seedling
stage. They have flower parts in
threes or multiples of 3.
Scientific Classification and
Names
• No two plants have the same scientific
name
• The scientific name helps the scientists
and horticulturists identify plants and
recognize