Download Chapter 20.2: Classification of Plants

Key Concept: Plants can be classified into different phyla
• Mosses and their relatives are seedless nonvascular plants.
•
•
Liverworts live in damp environments and get moisture from the soil’s surface.
They are able to grow anywhere with great moisture.
• Hornworts are a widespread group of plants that are found along streams and in tropical
forests.
• They have a flat body and grow low to the ground.
•
Mosses are the most common nonvascular plants.
•
They are tolerant of harsh weather conditions and can survive in poor nutrient soil.
• Club Mosses and Ferns are seedless vascular plants.
•
Club Mosses are NOT real mosses, and are the oldest living vascular plants.
•
The larger species were wiped out when the Carboniferous climate cool hit.
•
•
•
•
Ferns, Whisk Ferns, and Horsetails can be grouped together in one phylum.
Ferns grow from underground stems called rhizomes.
Whisk Ferns lack roots and leaves, but closely related to ferns.
Horsetails have tan, scale-like leaves that grow in whorls around a tubular stem.
•
Seed plants include cone-bearing plants and flowering plants.
•
•
Seeds can reproduce without freestanding water by reproducing with pollen.
Pollination, is the process by which seed plants become fertilized without the need for
freestanding water.
•
•
•
•
•
Seeds allow plants to disperse to new areas. They can travel by animals, wind, and water.
Seeds can be grouped according to whether they are enclosed by fruit or not.
A gymnosperm, is the seed plant that’s seeds are not enclosed by fruit.
An angiosperm, is the seed plant that’s seeds are enclosed by fruit.
A cone is the reproductive structure of most gymnosperm.
• Cycads look like palm trees with large cones, and they grow in tropical areas.
• Ginkgoes are native to China, and aren't very abundant.
• Conifers are the most common of gymnosperm, and are often found in Pine Trees.
•
Angiosperms belong to the phylum Anthophyta.
•
A flower, is a reproductive structure of an angiosperm.
•
A fruit, is a fertilized and mature ovary of a flower.
Draw one of the plants we discussed
and label it’s parts.