Download Plants - Valhalla High School

Kingdom Plantae
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All plants are eukaryotic
autotrophs making food from
sunlight through photosynthesis.
Plants have cell walls made of
cellulose.
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A leaf is a broad flat organ that
traps light energy for
photosynthesis and exchanges
gases through stomata.
Leaf cell
Plant Vascular Tissues
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Xylem – made up of a series of
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Phloem – made up of a series of
dead tubular cells that transport
H2O and dissolved minerals
upward from roots to leaves.
living tubular cells that transport
sugars from leaves to all parts of
the plant.
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Division Bryophyta – mosses,
liverworts, hornworts. All are nonvascular and non-seed.
Division Lycophyta -
Club Mosses –
vascular and non-seed.
Division Pterophyta(ferns) whisk
ferns, horsetails, and ferns
vascular and non-seed.
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Gymnosperms
are vascular
plants that
produce seeds
on scales of
woody strobili
called cones.
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In other words, they have
naked seeds - seeds not
enclosed in a fruit.
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Coniferophyta is the largest and most
diverse division of the gymnosperms.
Most are evergreen – keeping their
leaves year-round.
A very few are deciduous – dropping
all of their leaves at
the same time
Angiosperms include one division Anthophyta
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Though there is only one division
of angiosperms, Anthophyta ….
It is the largest and most diverse
group of seed plants on Earth.
Anthophytes produce flowers,
then seeds enclosed in a fruit.
Anthophytes can be annuals,
biennials, or perennials.
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Seeds can be dispersed in a
variety of ways:
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Wind
Passing through an animals
digestive system
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Catching on fur or skin
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Floating on water