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Watercress (Nasturtium officinale L.) Family: Brassicaceae (brass-ih-KAY-see-ee) From the Latin brassica indicating the cabbage family. It was previously in the Cruciferae family from the four petals which formed a cross. Alternative Pronunciation: brass-ihKAY-see-ay Genus: Rorippa (ro-RIP-uh) From a Latinized Saxon (German) word rorippen which was first mentioned by Euricius Cordus. Species: nasturtium-aquaticum (nas-STUR-shum a-KWA-ti-kum) From the Latin nasus tortus (twisted nose, referring to its pungent taste and the sharp, peppery smell of the seeds) and aquaticum, referring to its natural habitat of in or near water. Synonym: Nasturtium officinale "Officinale" is Latin for "of the shops", meaning that it was at one time an official herb or drug. Watercress Water cress owes its aroma to isothiocyanates which are formed from glucosinolates which react to being injuried. Watercress Watercress is native to Europe. In Altona Forest it is found as a tangle of stems and leaves growing in cold, flowing water of Petticoat Creek near the parking lot. A 1954 drawing of Petticoat Creek here and remove this picture. Watercress Its tiny white flowers float on stems just above the water. The plant has a pleasant peppery taste but it can be unsafe to consume wild plants because of contaminated water. The small white flowers, 5-7 mm long, appear above the water from April through October. Each flower has 4 white petals which are clustered at the ends of the stems on short stalks. Watercress Young leaves are simple but older leaves are pinnately compound, with each consisting of a central stalk and 3 to 11 smooth or wavy-edged, oval or lance-shaped leaflets. The leaves have a strong peppery taste. The leaf is about 4 to 12 cm long. The leaves often remain green in autumn and winter, but sometimes turn purple. Watercress The stems are green and succulent. The stems are trailing, fleshy and 10-60 cm long. It is upright at the ends but breaks easily. Roots form at the lower nodes. Watercress The fruit is thin, slightly curved, 11-19 mm x 1.9-2.7 mm cylindrical pods which are about 2 mm wide. They are held on stalks of 7-12 mm long. The small seeds are round and arranged in four rows inside the pods. The root are thin and fibrous. Watercress, which has a peppery taste with high concentrations of vitamins and minerals, has been used in salads since at least Roman times. In 1750 it was grown commercially in Germany. It is still used in salads as well as in sandwiches, soups and oriental stirfry dishes.. Ducks and deer enjoy eating it. Watercress should not be eaten from Petticoat Creek as it may contain parasites or pollutants. Watercress Watercress often grows in a large mat of plants. To Return to the Plant List Click on the Trout Lily Below To end this program click on this box.