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Plant Reproduction
Asexual Reproduction:
Plants being remade
without sex cells (egg
or sperm/pollen)
Asexual Reproduction
A. Tip and Stem
layering – stem
comes in contact with
ground and develops
roots.
Ex. Raspberry bushes
Asexual Reproduction
B. Cuttings –
stem/leaves placed in
water; start to
develop roots.
Ex. Geraniums
Asexual Reproduction
C. Grafting – take a
twig from one plant
and attach to stem
of another.
Asexual Reproduction
D. Budding – attach the
end bud from one
plant to another.
Asexual Reproduction
E. Runners – stems that
extend along ground
and “plant
themselves”.
Ex. Strawberries
Asexual Reproduction
F. Bulb and corm
duplication – onions,
daffodils, tulips.
Flower is at center.
Asexual Reproduction
G. Rhizome – stem
growing below
ground.
Ex. Grass
Asexual Reproduction
H. Tubers – “eyes” are
modified rhizomes
that will develop into
plant.
Ex. Potato
Seeds
Definition: An embryo plant with a food
supply and a protective coat.
Function of seed parts
a. Testa – seed coat
d.
b.
f.
b. Cotyledon – embryo leaf
c. Radicle – root tip
d. Epicotyl – embryo stem
f.
Seeds
Definition: An embryo plant with a food
supply and a protective coat.
Function of seed parts
b.
e. hypocotyl – embryo root
f.
f. endosperm – starch for
embryo
f.
WHY WOULD A PLANT NEED ITS
OWN FOOD SUPPLY?
Function of Seed Parts
Hilum – where seed
attaches to seed pod.
Micropyle – where
fertilization of egg
took place.
Germination
Definition – The
development of a
seed into a plant.
Germination
requirements:
A. water
B. oxygen
C. Correct temperature
WHY NOT LIGHT?
Label flower and give function of parts
1. Sepals (ALL – calyx)
A. green; leaf-like
B. Protect bud
before opening
2. Petals (ALL – corolla)
A. Protection
B. Attract pollenators
(bees, etc.)
Label flower and give function of parts
3. Stamen – male
structure
A. Anther – produces
pollen
B. Filament – Holds
anther up high; aids
pollination
C. Pollen – plant sperm
Label flower and give function of parts
4. Pistil – female
structure
A. Ovary – creates eggs,
becomes fruit
B. Ovules (eggs) – turn
into seeds if
fertilized
C. Style – supports
stigma
Label flower and give function of parts
4. Pistil – female
structure
D. Stigma – pollen sticks
to it
5. Receptacle – point of
stem where flower
meets stem
Variations existing in flowers
a. Perfect flower – both
male and female
parts are present on
same flower
b. Imperfect flower –
only has male OR
female parts
PUMPKIN FLOWERS ARE IMPERFECT.
WHICH PUMPKIN FLOWER IS THE FEMALE?
HOW DO YOU KNOW?
Variations existing in flowers
a. Complete flower – All
parts present
b. Incomplete flower –
missing one or more
of main parts
PETALS MISSING
Type of pollination
1. Define pollination –
transfer of pollen
from anther to stigma
2. Self-pollination –
pollen from same
plant pollinate its own
flowers
Type of pollination
1. Define pollination –
transfer of pollen
from anther to stigma
3. Cross-pollination –
pollen exchanged
between flowers
Fertilization
1. Pollen released from
anther and sticks to
stigma
2. Pollen tube (corn
silk) grows down
style to deliver
sperm to ovary
Pollen tube animation
Fertilization
Three main pollinators
1. Insects/animals –
attracted by “bright”
petal
2. Wind
3. water/rain
Flowers to fruit
1. If fertilization
happens, ovary
develops into fruit
with seeds inside.
2. If no fertilization,
flower dies and falls
off.
Various methods of seed dispersal
1. Mechanical
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=NminPy_ZGpk
2. Wind -
Function of Seed Parts
Testa – seed coat
Cotyledon – starch
(energy source) for
embryo
Radicle – embryo root
tip
Hypocotyl – embryo root
Function of Seed Parts
Epicotyl – embryo
leaf
Cotyledon – starch
(energy source) for
embryo