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Over Land and Sea Air Masses Air Masses Air takes on the properties over which it lies Land air masses tend to be dry Oceanic air masses tend to be moist Temperature Air Masses Tropical air masses tend to be warm Polar air masses tend to be cold or cool Classification of Air Masses refer to page 480 Name Symbol Moisture content Temperature Fronts A front is the zone between two air masses Cold Fronts Video Cold Fronts Cold air mass catches up to a warmer air mass Cold air pushes warm air upwards Cumulus cloud forms from condensing wate vapour Heat energy lost from water vapour condensation keeps air warm Can lead to forming a cumulonimbus cloud Cold Fronts Usually brings rain Can bring intense thunderstorms Hail Tornadoes Warm Fronts Video Warm Fronts Warm air masses overtakes a cold air mass Warm front created Gentle slope between two air masses Warm air climbs over cold mass Status clouds form Later altostratus and cirrus cloud form Precipitation last a long time Air left warmer Stationary Fronts Video Stationary Front Meeting of cold and warm air masses Neither air mass is moving Some warm air rises over the cold air Front stays in place for several days Water vapour in warm air mass condenses forming stratus clouds and rain Dreary, gloomy sky Occluded Front Video Occluded Front Two cold air masses meet pushing a warmer air mass upwards. Warmer air mass is cut off from the ground which is called occluded Numerous types of clouds are present May lead to period of steay rain Highs and Lows Pressure Systems High pressure area is where air is descending Areas where air is cooling because of cold ground As air contracts it pulls more air in from the top Pushs air out at the bottom Coriolis Effect creates an anticyclone High Pressure Areas Diagram: textbook page 499 High Pressure Areas Areas of stable weather Clear sky Descending air has little moisture No cloud form Located within a single air mass Huge air masses Weather last several days Low Pressure Areas Rising air leaves less dense air below Hot ground causes air to rise More air is pulled beneath rising air to replace it Coriolis effect causes rising air to move to the right Counterclockwise direction Created between air masses Small in size Bring unstable weather