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The Atmosphere Definition The layer of gases surrounding Earth; composed mainly of nitrogen and oxygen 78% nitrogen 21% oxygen 1% other Layers http://www.fi.edu/wright/again/wings.avkids.com/wings.avkids.com/Book/Atmosphere/Images/atmos_layers.gif Troposphere • Where all plants and animals live and breathe • Where weather takes place • 90% of the mass of the atmosphere • Thinnest layer • Temp decreases with altitude http://atschool.eduweb.co.uk/kingworc/departments/geography/nottingham/atmosphere/pages/gfx/troposphere.jpg Stratosphere • Ozone in this layer stops many of the sun's harmful rays from reaching the earth • People can not breathe in this layer. • Temperature increases as altitude increases • Keeps air warm and protects life on Earth Ozone Layer •Pale blue gas with a strong odor. •90% of all ozone is found in the stratosphere •10% is found in the troposphere •Ozone is extremely important because it is the only gas that absorbs ultraviolet radiation from the Sun and protects the surface of the Earth and people from the damaging effects of UV rays http://ess.geology.ufl.edu/ess/Notes/090-Ozone_Depletion/depl2.jpg Mesosphere • Meso = middle between strato and thermo • Windstorms reach speeds of 320 km/h • Temp decreases with altitude – coldest layer (-93 degrees C) • This is where we see "falling stars" – meteors burning up as they fall to Earth Ionosphere • An extension or a part of the upper mesosphere and lower thermosphere. So technically, the ionosphere is not another atmospheric layer. • Composed of electrically charged particles • Auroras take place in this area • Radio waves are reflected by this layer Thermosphere • Layer of the atmosphere which is first exposed to the Sun's radiation • Temperatures are very high, but doesn’t feel hot because particles don’t transfer energy • The air is very thin Exosphere • Highest layer of the atmosphere. The air is very thin here • Atoms and molecules escape into space Let’s look at an animation: http://earthguide.ucsd.edu/earthgu ide/diagrams/atmosphere/index.ht ml