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Final Exam Review Vocabulary Section Review Day 1 1. An _______ is the smallest particle of matter. 2. In a _________ front the position of the front does not move. 3. The continuous processes that cause rocks to change make up the ______. 4. _________ is the warming of the upper atmosphere. 5. __________ is the air portion of Earth. 1. __________ is a meteoroid that actually reaches Earth. 2. ________ clouds are best described as sheets or layers that cover much or all of the sky. 3. ________ is the portion of Earth that is able to support life. 4. ________ is the layer of the geosphere where mining occurs. 5. ________ is a layer of organic matter that holds moisture in the soil. Review Day 2 1. A _______ occurs when the moon moves in a line directly between Earth and the Sun, it causing a dark shadow on Earth. 2. _____ is the power that falling water generates. 3. _______ are centers of high pressure. 4. A _________ forms when warm air moves into an area formerly covered by cooler air. 5. _______ organisms like algae that undergo photosynthesis. 1. ______ is a type of motion that occurs when each planet appears to stop, reverse direction for a time, and then resume and eastward motion. 2. _______ is a mixture of mineral particles or organic particles from living and decaying organisms. 3. _______ trees that shed its leaves during a particular season of the year. 4. _______ is the careful use of resources. 5. _______ is simply the pressure exerted by the weight of the air above. Review Day 3 1. A ______ is a device used for measuring air pressure. 2. The _____ is the highest layer of the atmosphere (increased temps.). 3. ______ is the ratio of the air’s actual watervapor content compared with the amount of water vapor air can hold at that temp. & pressure. 4. A _____ is an animal that bears live young and maintains a steady body temp. 5. Relative humidity is commonly measured by using a _________. 1. During _____ the earth is tilted 23.5 degrees AWAY from the sun. 2. ______ is a biome with a canopy of evergreen, broadleaf trees supported with an abundance of rainfall. 3. A _____ is a consumer that must go out and get its food. 4. ____ include all organisms-algae, animals, and bacteria-that drift with ocean currents. 5. Above and to the right of the main sequence in the H-R diagram lies a group of very bright stars called ____. Review Day 4 1. _____ is the collecting and processing of using items so they can be made into new products. 2. _____ rocks that form from the cooling and hardening of magma. 3. _____ are huge cloudlike structures consisting of chromospheric gases. 4. _____ is a network of food chains representing the feeding relationships among organisms. 5. _____ means that the forces and processes that we observe today have been at work for a very long time. 1. During ____ the earth is tilted 23.5 degrees TOWARD the sun. 2. _____ is the water portion of Earth. 3. _____ are groups of stars, dust, and gases held together by gravity. 4. _____ is the heavy inner sphere of Earth (contains magma). 5. The ______ states that in an undeformed sequence of sedimentary rocks, each bed is older that the one above it and younger that the one below it. Review Day 5 1. September 22 or 23 is the date for which ______ occurs. 2. The destruction of forests as a result of human activity is called _____. 3. A type of pollution that does have a specific point of origin _____. 4. _____ take millions of years to form and accumulate. 5. ____ are also called the northern/southern lights. 1. Patterns of stars are called _____. 2. A star’s brightness as it appears from Earth is called _____. 3. ____ are plants such as cacti, which have thick water-filled tissues. 4. ____ is harnessed by tapping natural underground reservoirs of steam and hot water. 5. ______ are organisms that cannot make their own food. Review Day 6 1. ____ is the upper part of the ocean into which sunlight penetrates. 2. A ____ is an ecosystem with distinctive temperature, rainfall, and organisms 3. ____ when an animal is active at night and sleeps during the day. 4. ______ is frozen soil found in the Tundra. 5. _____ are ecosystems in which the roots of plants are submerged under water at least part of the year. 1. ____ is rain or snow that is more acidic than normal. 2. _____ are organisms that can make their own food. 3. _____ are animal-like plankton including the larval stages of marine animals. 4. ____ is the lower part of the ocean which sunlight does NOT penetrate. 5. ____ are Grasslands of short bunchgrassses. Review Day 7 1. ____ trees that produce seed cones. 2. The moon is eclipsed when it moves within Earth’s shadow, producing a ________. 3. The _____ - Mercury, Venus, Earth & Mars – are relatively small and rocky. 4. ____ is a type of rock that forms from sediments. 5. ____ is a series of different organisms that transfer food between the trophic levels of an ecosystem. 1. When two air masses meet they form a ______. 2. An ____ is a producer that can make its own food. 3. ___ are violent windstorms that take the form of a rotating column of air. 4. _____ can be replenished over fairly short time spans. 5. ______ describes organisms living on or in the ocean. Review Day 8 1. A ____ is an ecosystem in which there is more water than in a desert. (Abundance of grasses) 2. A _____ is a natural structure built on a continental shelf. 3. _____ are tropical or subtropical grasslands ranging from dry scrub-land to wet open woodland. 4. ____ are fast-moving rivers of air. 5. _____ are whirling tropical cyclones. 1. ____ are small rocky bodies found between Mars & Jupiter. 2. ____ are pieces of rocky and metallic materials held together by frozen gases, such as water, ammonia, methane, etc. 3. ____ are organisms that consume the bodies of dead organisms and other organic wastes. 4. ____ is an area that is claimed as a living space by an organism. 5. The ______ is the lowest layer of the atmosphere (where we live). Review Day 9 1. The amount of water vapor in air is called ____. 2. _____ is a substance that cannot be broken down into simpler substances. 3. The ____ is a scale that divides Earth’s 4.56 billion year old history into units that represent specific amounts of life. 4. The ____ radiates most of the sunlight we see and can be thought of as the visible “surface” of the sun. 5. A _____ is a land dwelling animal of the Mesozoic Era. 1. ___ is the layer of the atmosphere that protects us from UV rays from the sun. 2. ____ clouds are high, white, and thin. 3. Meteoroids that vaporize, enter Earths atmosphere and then bun up is called _____. 4. A ____ is a storm that generates lightning and thunder. 5. An ___ occurs when an active cold front overtakes a warm front. Review Day 10 1. ____ is an immense body of air that is characterized by similar temps. and amounts of moisture. 2. ____ clouds consist of rounded individual cloud masses. 3. ____ is a layer of the atmosphere that protects us from meteoroids. 4. _____ is any hydrocarbon that may be used as a source of energy. 5. ____ is the study of Earth. 1. ____ is the turning or spinning of a body on its axis. (causes day and night) 2. The streams of protons/electrons that boil from the corona make up the ____. 3. ____ are grasslands characterized by rolling hills, plains and sod-forming grasses. 4. ____ is a science that deals with weather and climate. 5. Under extreme pressure and temperature conditions, ______ rocks form.