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Taxonomy Taxonomy How organisms are classified and named Why classify? Gives us information about Similarities Differences Evolutionary history It is important to note that scientists do not always agree when classifying organisms As more information becomes available, especially DNA evidence, classification schemes change. Why name? All are “correct” Cougar Mountain Puma Panther lion Scientists call her Puma concolor To better understand the unity and diversity of all organisms, scientists use phylogenetics. A way to evaluate and categorize observable heritable traits to determine the evolutionary history (phylogeny) of a species or group of species Species A population that can interbreed and produce viable, fertile offspring Dichotomous key One tool that scientists use to categorize or classify living things based on physical characteristics. “di”= two “tom”= slice or cut The goal is is identify organisms, usually species, by their unique visible characteristics. Often used in field guides Characteristics used in dichotomous keys must Be readily measured or observed Be mutually exclusive, no overlap NOT be subjective or inferred, i.e. words like short, strong, pretty are not acceptable Let’s try to create one