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Mutualism
Commensalism
Parasitism
Symbiosis –
relationship in which two species live
closely together.
Understanding Level
1234

(define in your own words)

Draw your picture:
Commensalism symbiotic relationship in which one
member of the association benefits
and the other is neither helped nor
harmed.
Understanding Level
1234

(define in your own words)

Draw your picture:
Mutualism –
symbiotic relationship in which both
species benefit from the relationship.
Understanding Level
1234

(define in your own words)

Draw your picture:
Parasitism –
symbiotic relationship in which one
organism lives in or on another
organism (the host) and
consequently harms it.
Understanding Level
1234

(define in your own words)

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Predator –
the organism that kills and eats the
organism.
Understanding Level
1234

(define in your own words)

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Prey –
the organism that is being eaten.
Understanding Level
1234

(define in your own words)

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Predation –
interaction in which one organism
captures and feeds on another
organism.
Understanding Level
1234

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
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Niche –
full range of physical and biological
conditions in which an organism
lives and the way in which the
organism uses those conditions.
Understanding Level
1234

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
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Biotic Factor –
biological influence on organisms
within an ecosystem.
Understanding Level
1234

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
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Abiotic Factor –
physical, or nonliving, factor that
shapes an ecosystem.
Understanding Level
1234

(define in your own words)

Draw your picture:
A.Mutualism
B.Commensalism
C.Parasitism
Bees get food from nectar of the Flower; the Flower gets
pollinated, and reproduction begins!
A.Mutualism
B.Commensalism
C.Parasitism
Tapeworms live and feed in humans
A.Mutualism
B.Commensalism
C.Parasitism
Ringworm (a fungus) lives on a human, and the human
can become sick.
A.Mutualism
B.Commensalism
C.Parasitism
Barnacles live on whales, but the whale is not harmed or
helped.
+
A.Mutualism
B.Commensalism
C.Parasitism
Termite can digest wood because of Intestinal Microbes,
and the Microbes also get food and a warm place to stay.
A.Mutualism
B.Commensalism
C.Parasitism
Ticks suck animal blood for food.
A.Mutualism
B.Commensalism
C.Parasitism
Mosquitoes suck human blood.
A.Mutualism
B.Commensalism
C.Parasitism
Leeches feed by sucking human blood.
A.Mutualism
B.Commensalism
C.Parasitism
Clownfish live in the Sea Anemone and clean it while the
Anemone provides protection for the fish.
+
A.Mutualism
B.Commensalism
C.Parasitism
Fungus increases Root surface area, and Root gives
Fungus food
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Fleas live on and bite animals
A.Mutualism
B.Commensalism
C.Parasitism
A.Mutualism
B.Commensalism
C.Parasitism
Ants provide protection for the Acacia Tree while the
Tree provides food and a place to live.
A.Mutualism
B.Commensalism
C.Parasitism
Cattle Egret eats bugs stirred up by the moving Cows;
Cows do not benefit.
Wolves and hawks are at the same trophic level because they
_____. Apr'03 10th -39
A. both live on land
B. are both large mammals
C. both eat primary consumers
D. have similar hunting patterns
Which organism lives in the human intestine and aids in the
digestive process? Apr'03 10th -23
A. The bacterium Escherichia coli
B. The fungus Trichophyton rubrum
C. The protozoan Entamoeba coli
D. The algae Fucus vesiculosus
Habitat
Marsh
Grassland
Shrub land
Desert
Coniferous forest
Upland deciduous forest
Floodplain deciduous forest
Productivity
(g/m2/yr)
2000
500
600
70
800
1000
2000
Bird Diveristy
(average number of species/km2)
14
12
8
3
17
21
24
Which question could be formed based on these data? Apr'04 11th -16
A. What types of plants have increased productivity in different habitats?
B. Is there a relationship between productivity and bird diversity in a habitat?
C. How does the number of birds in a population affect habitats?
D. Do habitats display changes in productivity and bird diversity during different
seasons?
Bacteria are present in the digestive tract of some herbivores. The
bacteria break down plant cellulose, making it possible for the
herbivore to digest plant material. These bacteria live in a stable
environment with sufficient food and water. The herbivore and the
bacteria in this relationship _____. 2008 Released 10th -1
A. benefit each other
B. compete for survival
C. are producers
D. are secondary consumers
Within a certain community, crows actively eat brightly colored
beetles. Which interaction is being displayed between the
population of crows and the population of beetles? 2008 Released 10th -2
A. Commensalism
B. Mutualism
C. Parasitism
D. Predation
Pollen adheres to bees as they feed on the nectar of flowers. When
they move from flower to flower gathering nectar, the bees
pollinate the flowers. The bees then use the nectar to make honey.
The relationship between bees and flowers is an example of
_____. 2008 Released 11th -4
A. parasitism
B. commensalism
C. mutualism
D. neutralism
Some species of kelp anchor themselves to
the seafloor. These species have small air
sacs, called air bladders, at the base of each
leaf. The air bladders raise the top of the kelp
to the water’s surface. What advantage do air
bladders give the kelp? Jul'06 11th -51
A. They allow the kelp to obtain more salt from the water.
B. They prevent the kelp from breaking during a storm.
C. They allow kelp leaves to receive greater amounts of sunlight.
D. They provide the kelp with protection from herbivores.
Which of the following is most likely to cause increases in a
predator population? Apr'03 10th -24
A. Fewer prey
B. A reduction in competition
C. More parasites
D. A period of drought
In Central America there is a tree called bullhorn acacia
(Acacia cornigera) that provides both food and shelter to
a certain species of ant (Pseudomyrmex ferruginea). The
ants live within the tree without causing it harm. In fact,
the ants protect the tree by vigorously attacking and
stinging other animals that try to eat it.
This relationship is an example of _____. Apr'03 10th -33
A. predation
B. parasitism
C. mutualism
D. commensalism
An oakworm caterpillar feeds on the leaves of an oak tree. This
type of interaction is _____. Apr'04 10th -10
A. mutualistic
B. commensalistic
C. competitive
D. parasitic
A hummingbird feeds on the nectar of a flowering plant. In this
process the bird gains nutrition while spreading the plant’s pollen
to other flowers. The relationship between hummingbirds and
flowering plants can be described as _____. Apr'04 10th -44
A. commensal
B. predatory
C. parasitic
D. mutualistic
Which situation best represents a mutualistic relationship? Apr'04
11th -17
A. A tapeworm absorbing nutrients from the intestine of a dog
B. An orchid being pollinated by a nectar-collecting wasp
C. A human losing blood to a feeding mosquito
D. An armadillo rooting in the soil at the base of an oak tree
After being introduced in the 1930s, the fire ant (Solenopsis
invicta) became established throughout much of the southern
United States. One biological way to control fire ants might be to
introduce organisms that are _____. Apr'04 10th -19
A. mutualistic with fire ant queens
B. nurtured by fire ant workers
C. preyed on by fire ant drones
D. parasitic to fire ant larvae