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Ancient Greece What do you know about anicent Greece? • Take a quiz: • http://www.mysteryproductions.info/hyper/Hypermedia_2003/ Miller/AM_hypermedia/Artifact/ Greece was famous for: Early Olympics • The Olympic Games began over 2,700 years ago in Olympia, in southwest Greece. • The Games were part of a religious festival. The Greek Olympics, thought to have begun in 776 BC, inspired the modern Olympic Games (begun in 1896). • • The Games were held in honour of Zeus, king of the gods, and were staged every four years at Olympia, a valley near a city called Elis. • People from all over the Greek world came to watch and take part. • At the first one-day Olympic Games, the only event was a short sprint from one end of the stadium to the other. • Gradually more events were added to make four days of competitions. They included wrestling, boxing, long jump, throwing the javelin and discus, and chariot racing. • In the pentathlon, there were five events: running, wrestling, javelin, discus and long jump. • One of the toughest events was the race for hoplites, men wearing armour and carrying shields. • Winners were given a wreath of leaves, and a hero's welcome back home. • Winners might marry rich women, enjoy free meals, invitations to parties, and the best seats in the theatre. • The running track was much wider than a modern one. Twenty people could run at once. Greek Architecture Map of Ancient Greece • Ancient Greece was a collection of Greek city-states. • Because Greece was not yet one country, there was no central government in ancient Greece. • Around 500 BC, villages started to band together to form strong trading centers. • These groups of villages that banded together were called city-states. • Soon, hundreds of city-states had formed in ancient Greece. • TO BE A CITIZEN OF A CITY-STATE: The ancient Greeks referred to themselves as citizens of their individual city-states. • Each city-state (polis) had its own personality, goals, laws and customs. • Ancient Greeks were very loyal to their city-state. • The city-states had many things in common. • They all believed in the same gods. • They all spoke the same language. • Each city-state had its own form of government. • Some city-states, like Corinth, were ruled by kings. • Some, like Sparta, were ruled by a small group of men. • Others, like Athens, experimented with new forms of government. Sometimes these citystates cooperated, sometimes they fought each other. Forms of government • Monarchy: Rule by a king. One city-state whose government was a monarchy was the city-state of Corinth. • Oligarchy: Rule by a small group. One city-state whose government was an oligarchy was the city-state of Sparta. • Democracy: Rule by the citizens, voting in an assembly. One citystate whose government experimented for about a hundred years with democracy was the ancient city-state of Athens. • • What kind of government would you create? Your Project: Create a country • • • • • • • • • Give it a name. Choose a capital. Decide on a form of government. Decide how laws are made. Form a currency. Decide how laws are enforced. Make a flag. Create a map of your country. Make a presentation to share with your class. Lava Land Lava Land’s Currency is • All credit cards. Lava Land’s Flag is blue with gold stars. Lava Land’s government is • A democracy. All leaders are chosen by a majority of the people in a free election. Lava Land’s laws are enforced by • The leaders themselves. They hire local enforcers to keep the peace and deal with those who break the law. • Laws are made by the ruler but the people vote on whether or not they want the law. Elections are held once a year. Majority vote wins.