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SQL Server AlwaysOn – SharePoint 2013
High Availability and Disaster Recovery
Sal Bawany, Solutions Architect
www.bawanyconsulting.com
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Introduction
Sal Bawany, Solutions Architect
Specialties: SharePoint, Office 365, Cloud
Computing
• Independent Consultant
• Previously Senior Consultant at Microsoft
Contact:
• [email protected]
• LinkedIn: Sal Bawany
• Twitter: @fbawany
• Blog: blogs.technet.com/b/salbawany
(moving to salbawany.wordpress.com)
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Welcome to SharePoint Saturday Houston
Thank you for being a part of the
5th Annual SharePoint Saturday
for the greater Houston area!
• Please turn off all electronic devices or set them to vibrate
• If you must take a phone call, please do so in the hall so as not
to disturb others
• Special thanks to our Title Sponsor, ProSymmetry
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Thanks to all our Sponsors!
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Information
• Speaker presentation slides should be available
from the SPSHOU website within a week or so
• The Houston SharePoint User Group will be
having it’s next meeting Wednesday April 15th.
Please join us at www.h-spug.org
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Agenda
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Concepts
Overview
Benefits
Requirements
Setup and Configuration
Failover and Failback Scenarios
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Concepts
High Availability and Disaster Recovery
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System Outages: Planned vs. Unplanned
Planned outage
• Used for maintenance
• A time window is pre-announced and coordinated for these activities
Unplanned outage
• The result of system-level, infrastructure, or process failures
• Can be unplanned and uncontrollable
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Disaster Recovery and High Availability
High Availability
The ability to continue
operations when a
component fails in
primary data centre
Disaster Recovery
The process to restore
operations after primary
data centre becomes
unavailable
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Service Level Agreement (SLA)
Recovery Point Objective (RPO)
• The maximum period in which data might be tolerably
lost due to some major incident
Recovery Time Objective (RTO)
• The time within which the business service must be
restored after a disruption
Example:
• RPO of 1 hour
• RTO of 6 hours
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High Availability concepts
• Redundancy across switches, routers, load balancer,
AD/DNS, SMTP, power, cooling
• Redundant web, application, and DB servers
• Redundant VM hosts
• Backup and Restore
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Disaster Recovery Concepts
Hot standby
• A second data centre that can provide availability within seconds
or minutes
• Highly dependent on network bandwidth and latency
Warm standby
• A second data centre that can provide availability within minutes
or hours
• Duplicated VMs, refreshed frequently
Cold standby
• A second data centre that can provide availability within hours or
days
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Disaster Recovery dependencies
Remote site with reliable WAN connection
Failover farm should match production farm:
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VM hosts and their clusters
Number of servers
Operating system, Patch/updates
SQL server version and updates
SharePoint version and updates
Configuration, and Central admin content database
Web applications and service applications and their databases
Any customizations deployed in the production farm
Infrastructure: HA/DR for switches, routers, load balancer, Active
Directory domains DNS, Exchange Server, SQL Servers, and power
and cooling.
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SQL Server AlwaysOn
Availability Groups
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SQL Server HA Solutions
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AlwaysOn Failover Cluster Instances
AlwaysOn Availability Groups
Database mirroring
Log shipping
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What is AlwaysOn Availability Group?
• Enterprise-level high-availability and disaster
recovery solution introduced in SQL Server 2012
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Listener, DNS name
Databases
Replicas
Replica roles
Replica Availability Mode
Replica Failover Mode
Sync
AG1
AG1
AG1
Async
AG2
SQL Node1
Primary Replica
Automatic failover
AG2
SQL Node2
Secondary Replica
Automatic failover
WAN
AG2
SQL Node3
Secondary Replica
Manual failover
Listner
Windows Cluster
SharePoint Farm
Backup
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High level Planning
AlwaysOn
Availability
Groups
Availability
Group
Listeners
Availability
Databases
Availability
Replicas
Replica
Role
Replica
Availability
Mode
Replica
Failover
Mode
Readable
Secondary
AG for Content
Databases
SP-AG1
Content
Databases
PROD SQL 1
Primary
Sync commit
Automatic
No
PROD SQL 2
Secondary
Sync commit
Automatic
No
DR SQL 1
Secondary
Async commit
Manual
No
PROD SQL 1
Primary
Sync commit
Automatic
No
PROD SQL 2
Secondary
Sync commit
Automatic
No
AG for Service
Application
Databases
SP-AG2
Service Apps
Databases
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Benefits
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No need to setup SQL Instance Cluster
No need for SAN storage
Failover multiple databases in seconds
Up to eight secondary replicas
Compression and Encryption
Automatic and Manual Failover
• Easy setup using the configuration wizard
• AlwaysOn health dashboard
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SharePoint Databases not supported in Async
• Configuration database (Farm specific)
• Central Administration content database (Farm
specific)
• Search Administration database (copy and re-create)
• Analytics Reporting database
• Crawl database
• Link database
• Usage and Health Data Collection database (Farm
specific)
• User Profile Synchronization database
• State Service database
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Requirements
• SQL Server 2012 Enterprise Edition
• Windows Server Failover Cluster (WSFC)
– Failover processing and management
– Heartbeat detection
– Keeps track of changes in the replica roles
• At least three nodes
– two at the local site to provide high availability
– third node at the remote site to provide disaster recovery
• Replica Availability Mode
– Sync = local high availability
– Async = remote, disaster recovery
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Additional considerations
• All cluster members must belong to the same domain or
trusted domain
• Cluster Quorum
– For odd number of votes, use “Node Majority”
– For even number of votes, use either “Node Majority” or add
file share and use “Node and File Majority”
• Follow the best practices for setting up the Clustering
Service
• New databases need to be added manually to the
Availability Group
• Do not use the Failover Cluster Manager to manipulate
Availability Group
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Setup
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Steps
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5.
6.
7.
8.
Setup Windows Failover Clustering and make each SQL instance from local and
remote disaster recovery site member of that cluster
Enable AlwaysOn on each node
Create the Availability Group(s)
Add Replicas to each Availability Group
Verify Endpoints, open inbound port 5022 (default) on each SQL node
Verify backup preferences
Create DNS A record for the “Listener”
Create Availability Group Listener, provide port 1433(default), and an IP
address from each of the local and remote DR subnets. These IPs should map
to an A record for the Listener.
Note: Make sure that the same farm service accounts to each of the Prod and DR
SQL Instances login and server roles have been added, otherwise the AlwaysOn
synchronization process will Fail.
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Steps (Cont.)
9. Create a shared folder for data synchronization for the
Availability Group
10. Install SharePoint
11. After SharePoint has been installed and configured, change
Recovery Model for each of its databases to Full. This is a
requirement before a database can be added to the Availability
Group
12. Backup all of the databases. This is a requirement before a
database can be added to the Availability Group
13. Add databases to their Availability Group(s)
14. Test failover and failback on each Availability Group
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Failover and Failback Scenarios
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High Availability Scenarios
• Manual Failover and Failback from primary to
secondary replica and vice versa
• Automatic Failover due to primary replica outage
and manual Failback from the secondary replica
Sync
AG1
PRIMARY
AG2
AG1
Async
Secondary
AG2
SQL Node1
Primary Replica
Automatic failover
SQL Node2
Secondary Replica
Automatic failover
Listner
Windows Cluster
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AG1
WAN
Secondary
AG2
SQL Node3
Secondary Replica
Manual failover
Disaster Recovery Scenarios
• Manual Failover and Failback from primary to DR replica and vice
versa
• Forcing Quorum and Force Failover due to primary datacenter
outage and manual Failback from the secondary replica. Data loss
possible. Be aware of the Spilt Brain quorum.
Sync
AG1
PRIMARY
AG1
Async
Secondary
AG2
AG2
SQL Node1
Primary Replica
Automatic failover
SQL Node2
Secondary Replica
Automatic failover
AG1
WAN
Secondary
AG2
SQL Node3
Secondary Replica
Manual failover
Listner
Windows Cluster
DR SP Farm
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Demos
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Demos
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Availability Group walkthrough
Creating Availability Group
Dashboard
Adding Database to the Availability Group
Failover and Failback process
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Summary
• Maintain a Service Level Agreement (SLA) that
meets your business goal
• Time is Money!
• Maintain redundancy at all levels, software and
hardware
• AlwaysOn Availability Group is easy to setup and
maintain
• Run scheduled dry runs to make sure Disaster
Recovery is working
• Happy Servers, Happy Admins 
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Q&A
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Please Leave Feedback During Q&A
Please fill out the session survey
with your feedback.
You can scan the QR Code to launch
the survey or use the following link:
www.WhatsYourAnswer.com?S20154715202
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