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Communities and Ecosystems
JEOPARDY!! 
Discovery of DNA
DNA structure
and replication
DNA
Replication and
the Cell Cycle
Mitosis
Meiosis
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10 Discovery of DNA
Which scientist discovered the
presence of a transforming factor
while working with mice and
pneumonia-causing bacteria?
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Discovery of DNA
Griffith
20 Discovery of DNA
Using the conclusions of Griffith’s
experiment, which scientists
discovered DNA to be the hereditary
material?
20
Discovery of DNA
Hershey and Chase
30 Discovery of DNA
Using models and the research of
various other scientists, what were
Watson and Crick able to discover?
30 Discovery of DNA
The structure of DNA, and thus
were able to hypothesize DNA
replication
30 Community 1
40 Discovery of DNA
What two macromolecules were
suggested to be the transforming
factor, and how were they
distinguished from one another in
Hershey and Chases experiment?
40 Discovery of DNA
*DNA- phosphorus
*Protein-Sulfur
50 Discovery of DNA
What were the results of Griffith’s
experiment?
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Discovery of DNA
Heat-killed pathogenic (harmful)
bacteria mixed with living nonpathogenic (harmless) bacteria
caused the formation of living
pathogenic (harmful) bacteria.
10 DNA structure and
replication
The monomers of the nucleic acids
are called…
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DNA structure and
replication
Nucleotides
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DNA structure and replication
Identify two differences between
DNA and RNA.
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DNA structure and
replication
*DNA –thymine, deoxribose,
double stranded, longer
*RNA- uracil, ribose, single
stranded, shorter
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DNA structure and
replication
Two polynucleotide strands are held
together by 1._______ bonds, and
the backbone of each strand is held
together by a 2._______.
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DNA structure and
replication
1. hydogen
2. covalent
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DNA structure and
replication
DNA Polymerase cannot start a new
polynucleotide chain, but can only
extend one. What is required to
mark the start? *be specific*
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DNA structure and
replication
*an RNA primer laid down by
RNA primase.
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DNA structure and
replication
DNA polymerase can only make a
new strand in one section and why?
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DNA structure and
replication
5’3’; DNA polymerase can
only attach to the 3’ –OH of the
deoxyribose sugar at the end of
the template.
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DNA Replication
and the Cell Cycle
Which enzyme unzips the
DNA molecule?
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DNA Replication
and the Cell Cycle
Helicase
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DNA Replication
and the Cell Cycle
Why is DNA replication considered
semi-conservative?
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DNA Replication
and the Cell Cycle
One of the original strands of
DNA is retained (“conserved”) in
the newly constructed strands.
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DNA Replication
and the Cell Cycle
What is the order of the Cell Cycle?
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DNA Replication
and the Cell Cycle
G1SG2MCytokinesis
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DNA Replication and the
Cell Cycle
Johnny smokes cigarettes. The
DNA of Johnny’s body has
become mutated due to exposure
to nicotine. He no longer contains
the correct gene instructions to
make certain surface proteins on
his cells. What could happen as a
result?
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DNA Replication
and the Cell Cycle
The cells will not
recognize one
another, will continue
to divide although
bumping into each
other, and a tumor can
form.
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DNA Replication
and the Cell Cycle
*What are the role of
checkpoints in the cell
cycle?
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DNA Replication
and the Cell Cycle
*help to ensure phases of the cell
cycle are complete and accurate
before moving on to the next
phase.
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What are the phases of
mitosis?
Mitosis
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Prophase, Metaphase,
Anaphase, Telophase
Mitosis
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Mitosis
What kinds of cells are
produced through mitosis?
BE SPECIFIC
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Mitosis
Diploid somatic cells
(non-sex cells)
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Identify the phase and briefly
explain.
Mitosis
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Mitosis
Prophase; chromosomes appear, nuclear
membrane disappears, spindle fibers form
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Mitosis
What are the differences
between plant and animal
mitosis?
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Mitosis
*no centrioles are used in
a plant cell during mitosis
(spindle fibers form
spontaneously)
*plant forms a cell plate,
instead of a cleavage
furrow, during telophase
leading into cytokinesis
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Mitosis
A fungus has a diploid number of 30. Fungal
haploid cells have the ability to continue
through the cell cycle and perform mitosis
(undergo all stages of the cell cycle including
Interphase).
If this haploid cell went through mitosis, hat
would the number of chromosomes be
during prophase? What would the
chromosomes look like?
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Mitosis
15; X shaped chromosomes
10 Meiosis
My name is Bond, Ionic Bond;
Taken, not shared!
10 Population Growth
From: Mariano Cecowski
<MCecowski#NoSpam.sif.com.ar>
Q: if both a bear in Yosemite and one in
Alaska fall into the water
which one disolves faster?
A: The one in Alaska because it is
HIJKLMNO
10 Population Growth
Alimentary: What Sherlock Holmes said to Dr. Watson.
Urinate: What a nurse would say if a patient asked her what room
he's in.
Urine - The opposite of "You're out!"
Benign: What we want when we are eight.
Intestine - Currently taking an exam
CARDIOLOGY: advanced study of poker playing
TERMINAL ILLNESS: getting sick at the airport
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Meiosis
What term is used to describe chromosomes
that carry the same genes, just different
versions of those genes?
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Homologous chromosomes
Meiosis
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Population Growth
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Meiosis
When do homologous chromosomes
pair up? What happens as a results?
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Meiosis
Prophase 1- synapsis occurs, a tetrad forms, enabling
crossing over.
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Meiosis
What is required before meiosis can
occur?
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Meiosis
*DNA replication in a diploid cell.
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Population Growth
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Identify the phase of
meiosis and explain.
Meiosis
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Meiosis
Anaphase 1;
*homologous chromosomes separate into
individual chromosomes (sister chromatids)
*cell is now haploid
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Meiosis
A cat has a diploid number of 38.
1. What would the number of chromosomes be in a
cell in telophase 1 of meiosis in this cat? What
would it look like?
2. What would the number of chromatids be in a
cell in telophase 2 of meiosis in this cat? What
would it look like?
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Meiosis
1. 19, X
(two sister chromatids)
2. 19, |
(one half of a chromosomes,
individual chromatid)