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Cells
ANIMAL & PLANT
Cells
 A cell must:
 Breathe
 Nourish itself
 Repair itself
 Reproduce
 Eliminate waste
Cells
 The internal structures of a cell are called
organelles
Organelles of a plant cell (p.278)
 Main parts
 Cell membrane: (protects cell)
 Cytoplasm: (allow flows, keeps
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organelles in place)
Nucleus: (centre of cell, contains
chromosomes)
Vacuole: (stores nutrients & waste)
Endoplasmic reticulum: (cellular
transportation)
Mitochondrion: (produces energy, cell
respiration)
Cell wall: (support for cell)
Chloroplast: (for photosynthesis,
absorbs sunlight)
Organelles of an animal cell
 Main parts
 Cell membrane
 Cytoplasm
 Nucleus
 Vacuole
 Endoplasmic reticulum
 Mitochondrion
How cells work
 Inputs : the things that enter the cell to make it work
 (i.e. Water, nutrients, oxygen)
 Outputs: Once the cell has used up its inputs it must
remove the waste (outputs)
Exchange between cells and their environment
 The cell membrane makes sure only the correct
inputs enter the cell
 The substances that enter the cell move in and out
via diffusion
Diffusion
 Diffusion is when
particles swift
from a region
where they are
very
concentrated to a
region where
they are less
concentrated
Osmosis
 Water enters the cell via
osmosis
 The passage of water
across a membrane that
only allows certain
substance to pass
 Basically it prevents high
concentration of solutes
to enter the cell
The vital functions of the cell
 Plant cells
Animal cells:
 Photosynthesis :
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Take in carbon dioxide,
water,
solar energy (inputs)
Let out oxygen and
carbohydrates (outputs)
Cellular
respiration:
-oxygen, carbs
(inputs)
- carbon dioxide,
water, energy
(outputs)
IN CLASS WORK
 P. 289
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