Download File - Mr. Bogdon`s Website

Why does the moon have
phases?
The
revolution of the
Moon around the Earth
causes the Moon to
appear to have phases.
NSF North Mississippi GK-8
1
8 Phases of the Moon
 New
Moon
 Waxing
Crescent
 First Quarter
or Half Moon
 Waxing Gibbous
 Full
Moon
 Waning Gibbous
 Last Quarter
or Half Moon
 Waning
Crescent
NSF North Mississippi GK-8
2
New Moon



The moon is not
visible from Earth.
The moon is
between the Sun
and the Earth.
The dark side is
facing us.
This phase lasts
one night.
NSF North Mississippi GK-8
3
Waxing Crescent



Waxing means
that the bright
side is increasing.
The right side is
the bright side.
Less than one half
of the moon is
illuminated.
This phase
NSF North Mississippi GK-8
4
First Quarter or Half
Moon




The entire right
side of the moon is
illuminated.
The moon looks like
a half circle.
The illuminated side
is increasing.
This phase only
lasts one night.
NSF North Mississippi GK-8
5
Waxing Gibbous

Gibbous means that
more than one half
is visible, but it is
not quite full.
This phase includes
the night after the
first quarter to the
night before the
full moon.
NSF North Mississippi GK-8
6

Full Moon


The moon is full
and bright. It
looks like a large
circle.
The illuminated
side is facing us.
Only happens one
NSF North Mississippi GK-8
night per lunation.

7
Waning Gibbous


The moon appears
more than half but
not quite full.
Waning means that
the illuminated side
is decreasing.
The left side is the
NSF North Mississippi GK-8
8
bright side.

Last Quarter or Half
Moon


Left Half of the
moon is
illuminated.
The illuminated
side is decreasing.
This phase also
only lasts for one
NSF North Mississippi GK-8

9
Waning Crescent


Less than one half
of the moon is
illuminated.
The moon will
continue to become
smaller and smaller.
NSF North Mississippi GK-8
10
NSF North Mississippi GK-8
11
A walk through the Universe

Space is big. You just won’t believe
how vastly, hugely, mind-bogglingly
big it is. I mean, you may think it’s
a long way down the road to the
chemist’s, but that's just peanuts
to space.
 Douglas
Adams,
The Hitchhiker's Guide to the Galaxy
English humorist & science fiction novelist
(1952 - 2001)
12
Distance and Speed Facts




1 light-year = 9.5 x 1012 km
1 light-year = 9,500,000,000,000 km
1 AU = 1.5 x 108 km = 8 light-minutes
1 AU= 150,000,000 km
1 light second = 300,000 km
Speed of Voyager Probe= 62,000km/h
Distance to Alpha Centauri= 4.2 light years
13
Place
Unit of
Measurement
Example
Street Address
Feet or Meters
A room might be
10x14feet
City
Miles or Fractions of
Miles
You might drive ½ mile
to the grocery store;
a town might be about
10 miles wide.
State
Tens to hundreds of
miles
The distance from Austin to San
Antonio is a little more than 50
miles; Texas is about 600 miles
across.
United States
Hundreds to thousands The distance from
of miles
New York to Los
Angeles is 3,000
miles.
14
Place
Unit of Measurement
Example
Earth
Tens of thousands of miles
Earth’s circumference is
25,000 miles.
Solar System
Millions to billions of miles,
or astronomical units (AU).
(An AU is the average
distance from Earth to the
sun, or 93 million miles.)
Neptune is 30 AU, or 2.79
billion miles, from the sun.
Milky Way Galaxy
Hundreds of thousands of
light-years. (A light-year is
the distance that light
travels in one year, or about
6 trillion miles.)
The Milky Way is about
100,000 light-years across.
Universe
Billions of light-years
The farthest known galaxy
(the edge of the observable
universe) is 13 billion lightyears away.
15
The Earth
We are
here
16
17
Venus
Mercury
Mars
EARTH
18
19
Uranus
Jupiter
Neptune
Earth
Pluto
(not a planet)
and its moon
Charon
Saturn
20
The Sun
is our nearest star
21
The Solar
System
22
The Milky Way
(Our Galaxy)
A hundred, thousand, million stars!
23
the Milky Way
as seen from
the Enterprise
Light would take
100 000 years to
travel across
the galaxy.
A hundred thousand light years across
24
Distances


It takes 8 minutes for light to reach us
from the Sun.
A light-year is the distance travelled by
light in 1 year.

The Sun is our nearest star.
Our next nearest star, Alpha Centauri is
4 light years away.

The Milky Way is 100 000 light years
across.

25
The local group of galaxies
Andromeda is
the nearest big
galaxy to the
Milky Way
Milky
Way
26
Light from Andromeda takes
2 million years to reach us.
Milky
Way
Andromeda
27
The Universe is mind-bogglingly big!



The Sun is about 150 000 000 km away
from Earth
Bright stars in the night sky are about
1000 000 (1 million) times as far away
as the Sun.
The near galaxies are about 100 000
times as far away as the bright stars.

15 000 000 000 000 000 000 km
28
29
NASA
30