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Transcript
Components of the Universe Note Section The Solar System- One star and everything that orbits it. Planets: the larger bodies orbiting the Sun (or any other star) The planets of our Solar System [& Pluto] The biggest planet is…. -- but the biggest object in the Solar System, by far, is ….. Surface of Sun – Gas bubbles Solar Flare – an explosive event on the Sun’s surface Galaxy- Billions of stars bunched together. The Sun is a star in the Milky Way Galaxy. A spiral Galaxy seen Edge-on -the actual 3D-shaped is like a pancake with a lump in the center How big is a galaxy? # of stars: about a billion or so (smallest) - up to 100’s of billions for large galaxies Diameter: Very large: what units of distance should be used? -- using miles gives awkwardly numbers. -- a larger unit is needed. -- for example….. Light-Travel-Time from the Earth a. b. c. d. e. f. TO the moon the sun Pluto Alpha Cen North Star M31 TIME 1.25 sec 8.5 minutes ~6 hours 4.3 yrs 650 years 2.5 million yrs DISTANCE 1.25 light-seconds 8.5 light-minutes 4.3 LY 650 LY 2.5 M. LY ..so just keep in mind that all of those units of length are based on the speed of light; - for example: 1 light-minute = the distance that light travels in one minute The “Milky Way” galaxy is a spiral galaxy. The Sun is in a spiral arm half-way out from the center. Map of Milky Way Our Sun(yellow dot) is in a spiral arm, ½-way out Galaxies contain more than just stars. The irregular-looking blobs are either hot (pink) or cold (dark) interstellar clouds Galaxies occur in galaxy clusters. This is M31 (the Andromeda Galaxy)… …. and friends (2 smaller neighboring galaxies) - sort of a “triple galaxy” LMC SMC comet The Universe is Everything- All the Galaxies Distance = 500 million LY What can you see with the naked eye? [outside of the Solar System] - Milky Way stars! (meaning only stars in our own galaxy) i.e., you cannot see any individual stars in any other galaxy;-- they’re just too far and too faint Note: Every star visible to your eye is part of the Milky Way!
