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Transcript
The Renaissance in Italy 1300-1600 Rebirth • 1300-1600 – Explosion in creativity in Europe • Became known as the Renaissance, or “rebirth” Italy • 3 Reasons it began in Italy: 1. Thriving cities – It’s cities survived the middle ages (Venice, Florence, Milan, Rome) 2. Wealthy Merchants – exerted political and economic leadership; their interests helped shape the Renaissance (Medici) 3. Classical heritage – Italy had been the center of the Roman Empire Humanism • Intellectual movement at the heart of the Renaissance • Focused on worldly subjects instead of religious issues – human accomplishments Enjoyment • People began enjoying life w/o the fear of offending God (luxuries, fine music and foods) • Spirit of Renaissance was secular and concerned with the here and now. Art • Artistic styles changed • Reflects humanist concerns • Focused on portraying figures in realistic way – Perspective – Make distant objects smaller than those close to the viewer (3D) Geniuses of Renaissance Art • Leonardo Da Vinci – Renaissance man – excelled in many fields of study (botany, anatomy, architecture, engineering, etc) – Mona Lisa – mysterious woman – The Last Supper – Christ and disciples on last night before crusifixion. – Inventor – sketches of flying machines and undersea boats Mona Lisa The Last Supper Michelangelo • Also excelled in many areas, but considered himself a sculptor – David – sculpture of the boy who killed Goliath – Sistine Chapel – Painted huge mural on ceiling of the Sistine Chapel in Rome – St. Peter’s Cathedral in Rome - architect Michelangelo David Sistine Chapel Sistine Chapel Raphael • Younger, learned from both of the previous – Madonna – portrayal of the mother of Jesus Raphael Madonna Renaissance Writer • Machiavelli – writer of a political guide for rulers on how to gain and keep power called The Prince. – End justifies the means – Urged rulers to use whatever methods necessary to achieve goals