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The Renaissance and
Reformation
Chapter 1 Section 2
Section 2 Reading Focus
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Which artists brought the Renaissance
to northern Europe?
What themes did humanist thinkers
and other writers explore?
What impact did the printing revolution
have on Europe
Chapter 1 Section 2 Vocabulary
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Engraving-art form in which an artist
etches a design on a metal plate with
acid.
Vernacular-everyday language of
ordinary people
Utopian- ideal society
Italy as
center
of
ancient
Roman
empire
The Renaissance
Humanism
• Study of classics
• Study of worldly
subjects
• Influential Humanist:
Francesco Petrarch
Survival of
Italian citystates through
the Middle
Ages
Golden Age
of the Arts
Italian
merchants
become
patrons of
the arts
• Learned from classical art
• Use of perspective
• Renowned Artists:
Leonardo, Michelangelo,
Raphael, Sofonisba
Anguissola
• Important Writers:
Castiglione, Machiavelli
Northern
Renaissance
• Artists: Durer,
Bruegel, Rubens
• Humanists:
Erasmus, More
• Writers: Rabelais,
Shakespeare,
Cervantes
SECTION 2
The Renaissance Moves North
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Because the Black Death delayed recovery in northern Europe for
nearly 100 years, the northern Renaissance did not begin until the
1400s.
Like Italian humanists, northern European humanist scholars
stressed education and a revival of classical learning. At the same
time, however, they emphasized religious themes.
The northern Renaissance produced several towering figures of
literature, including Rabelais in France, Shakespeare in England,
and Cervantes in Spain.
The printing revolution, which began with the printing of the Gutenberg
Bible in 1456, made a broad range of knowledge available to large numbers
of people and influenced both religious and secular thought.
Artists of the Northern Renaissance
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A “German Leonardo”
Albrecht Durer- Studied under the
Italian Masters
Engraving- Used for making prints of
his art. Acid etched into metal.
Essays- Helped to spread
Renaissance ideas.
Albrecht Durer
Artists of the Northern Renaissance
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Flemish Painters
Jan and Hubert van Eyck- Developed
oil paint, Began using strong colors.
Painted townspeople and religious
scenes in realistic detail
Jan and Hubert van Eyck
Artists of the Northern Renaissance
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Flemish Painters
Pieter Bruegel- used bright colors to
paint peasant lives.
Started the movement of painting
scenes of daily life instead of religious
and classical themes
Pieter Bruegel
Northern Humanists
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Erasmus
Created a new Greek edition of the
New Testament.
Translated the bible into new
vernaculars. This helped the people
who were uneducated.
Northern Humanists
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Erasmus
People need to be open-minded and
care for others
Wrote The Praise of Folly exposing
the corruption of the church and clergy
Northern Humanists
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Thomas More
Wrote Utopia in which he describes
what an ideal society should be.
Men and Women live in peace and
harmony- No one is idle and all are
educated.
Writers for a New Audience
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Rabelais
French humanist- Monk, physician, Greek
scholar, and author.
Wrote Gargantua and Pantagruel- Used the
book as a way to give his opinion on
religion, education and related topics
Writers for a New Audience
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Shakespeare
Wrote 37 plays between 1590 and 1613.
Comedies, historical and tragedies were the
style of Shakespeare’s writing.
He added over 1700 words to the English
language.
Writers for a New Audience
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Cervantes
Spanish writer best known for Don
Quixote.
Entertaining tales that mock romantic
notions of chivalry.
The Printing Revolution
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Johann Gutenberg- Germany
200 copies of the bible – printing press
Developed printing press
independently of Asian presses.
Printed material distributed to masses.
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wealthy Florentine merchants,
offers an example of how
Renaissance artists began to
branch out and center their
works around secular subjects.
Note in the painting how the
faces are distinct from one
another and portray realistic
emotions. In addition, the use of
light and shadow—as evidenced
by the folds in the robes and the
contrast of the darker figures
against the lighter background—
gives the image depth