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Space, Time, and Antony Space, Time and Antony Visualizing Then and Now, Here and There 1 © 2009 IBM Corporation Space, Time, and Antony Who is Antony Unwin? • There is no ‘H’ in ‘Antony’ • Otherwise you might find … 2 © 2009 IBM Corporation Space, Time, and Antony QuickTime™ and a decompressor are needed to see this picture. 3 © 2009 IBM Corporation Space, Time, and Antony Hmmm… • Without a statistical background, we might just pick the most likely results: – – – – “ANTHONY” Bimodal distribution of ages Born in 1908, 1978 Happy 32nd or 102nd birthday! • Does “Anthony Unwin” have a web page? 4 © 2009 IBM Corporation Space, Time, and Antony Anthonyunwin.com QuickTime™ and a decompressor are needed to see this picture. 5 © 2009 IBM Corporation Space, Time, and Antony Fortunately, we are statisticians • WWAD [What would Antony Do]? 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 6 Get good data Look at the data Validate the data Build models Look at the model results Validate the model results Don’t trust a model more than the data © 2009 IBM Corporation Space, Time, and Antony Some Data on Antony • Sample Papers from 1991 onwards • Look at the data 7 © 2009 IBM Corporation Space, Time, and Antony All Years 8 © 2009 IBM Corporation Space, Time, and Antony 1991 9 © 2009 IBM Corporation Space, Time, and Antony 1999 10 © 2009 IBM Corporation Space, Time, and Antony 2001 11 © 2009 IBM Corporation Space, Time, and Antony 2007 12 © 2009 IBM Corporation Space, Time, and Antony All Years 13 © 2009 IBM Corporation Space, Time, and Antony Space and Time • Base data shown is TEXT x TIME • This relates back to early work I did with Antony on DIAMOND FAST, exploring time series data. • The “eyeballing time series” paper exhibits several features later made popular by Shneiderman … 14 © 2009 IBM Corporation Space, Time, and Antony Visual Information-Seeking Mantra Overview first Zoom and filter Then details-on-demand Shneiderman, 1996 15 © 2009 IBM Corporation Space, Time, and Antony Unwin, 1988 • Eyeballing Time Series “Explore, Interrogate and Manipulate Data Series Graphically” 16 © 2009 IBM Corporation Space, Time, and Antony Overview First 17 © 2009 IBM Corporation Space, Time, and Antony Overview First QuickTime™ and a decompressor are needed to see this picture. 18 QuickTime™ and a decompressor are needed to see this picture. © 2009 IBM Corporation Space, Time, and Antony Zoom and Filter • “Changing time scaling … can be done dramatically by a factor of 10 with a single click or more precisely by dragging a scaling bar. Here are two views of monthly Canadian unemployment data. The graph on the left of Figure 2 shows all 20 years of the series (240 points) but has been crushed into a very short timescale. The overall trend and range of seasonality are clearly shown. • The graph on the right of Figure 2 shows only some of the series, just under two years, at a scale 100 times bigger. The points have been marked to emphasise the effect” QuickTime™ and a decompressor are needed to see this picture. 19 © 2009 IBM Corporation Space, Time, and Antony Details on Demand QuickTime™ and a decompressor are needed to see this picture. 20 © 2009 IBM Corporation Space, Time, and Antony + Modeling 21 © 2009 IBM Corporation Space, Time, and Antony QuickTime™ and a decompressor are needed to see this picture. 22 © 2009 IBM Corporation Space, Time, and Antony Space and Time • Statistical Graphics are a SPACIAL layout of glyphs based on a mapping from data. • Studying geographic visualization informs on statistical visualization. • A second project followed Diamond Fast: REGARD 23 © 2009 IBM Corporation Space, Time, and Antony What did REGARD introduce? • Linked views: – “Details-on-demand” on steroids – Mix Statistical Graphics and Domain-Specific Graphics – New ways of displaying data subsets • Spatial Data – Layers: Multiple elements for different data 24 © 2009 IBM Corporation Space, Time, and Antony QuickTime™ and a decompressor are needed to see this picture. 25 © 2009 IBM Corporation Space, Time, and Antony Model Spatial Correlation • Domain views: variogram cloud, map view • Link to map view with edge element QuickTime™ and a decompressor are needed to see this picture. • Show selected subset in linked views 26 © 2009 IBM Corporation Space, Time, and Antony Linking QuickTime™ and a decompressor are needed to see this picture. Districts of the city of Dublin showing areas with high levels of average income. 27 © 2009 IBM Corporation Space, Time, and Antony Showing Selections QuickTime™ and a decompressor are needed to see this picture. QuickTime™ and a decompressor are needed to see this picture. 28 © 2009 IBM Corporation Space, Time, and Antony REGARD QuickTime™ and a decompressor are needed to see this picture. 29 © 2009 IBM Corporation Space, Time, and Antony Plus ça change, plus c'est la même chose •Wills, G. (2010) Visualizing Time Springer, 2010 •Wills, G., and Wilkinson, L. (2010) Autovis: Automatic Visualization Information Visualization, December 18, 2008 •Wilkinson, L and Wills, G. (2008) Scagnostics Distributions Journal of Computational and Graphical Statistics, Volume 17; pp.473-491 •Graham J. Wills (2008) Linked Data Views Handbook of Data Visualization; Chen, Haerdle and Unwin •Wills, Graham J. (2002) Visualization Handbook of Data Mining and Knowledge Discovery •Wills, Graham (2009) Visualizing Network Data Encyclopedia of Database Systems, Wills, Graham (2009) Visualizing Hierarchies Encyclopedia of Database Systems, •Graham Wills (2006) Networks Graphics of Large DataSets; Unwin, Theus and Hofmann (eds) •Wills, Graham J. and Keim, D. (2002) Data Visualization For Domain Exploration: Interactive Statistical Graphics Handbook of Data Mining and Knowledge Discovery. 30 © 2009 IBM Corporation Space, Time, and Antony QuickTime™ and a decompressor are needed to see this picture. Space and Time; Overviews Visualizing Time; Chapter 7 31 © 2009 IBM Corporation Space, Time, and Antony QuickTime™ and a decompressor are needed to see this picture. QuickTime™ and a decompressor are needed to see this picture. Aligned Views; Overviews Visualizing Time; Chapter 6 32 © 2009 IBM Corporation Space, Time, and Antony QuickTime™ and a decompressor are needed to see this picture. QuickTime™ and a decompressor are needed to see this picture. Details on demand Visualizing Time; Chapter 10 33 © 2009 IBM Corporation Space, Time, and Antony QuickTime™ and a decompressor are needed to see this picture. QuickTime™ and a decompressor are needed to see this picture. Don’t trust the model more than the data Visualizing Time; Chapter 9 34 © 2009 IBM Corporation Space, Time, and Antony Final Lessons Antony is also close to data; stay there also Look at the data many ways with appropriate tools and plots 35 © 2009 IBM Corporation Space, Time, and Antony Final Lessons Variables + Models = INFORMATION Statistics, analysis and procedures must be close to representations and must be investigated for features, errors and ideas 36 © 2009 IBM Corporation Space, Time, and Antony QuickTime™ and a decompressor are needed to see this picture. QuickTime™ and a decompressor are needed to see this picture. QuickTime™ and a decompressor are needed to see this picture. QuickTime™ and a decompressor are needed to see this picture. QuickTime™ and a decompressor are needed to see this picture. QuickTime™ and a decompressor are needed to see this picture. QuickTime™ and a decompressor are needed to see this picture. QuickTime™ and a decompressor are needed to see this picture. 37 © 2009 IBM Corporation