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Section 10.2: The Human Digestive Tract Page 338-342 Mouth • Mechanical digestion: teeth • Chemical digestion: salivary glands release saliva • Mucin = lubricant to facilitate the movement of food Esophagus • Lined with muscles to push food along Epiglottis • Prevents food from entering your trachea Pharynx • Located behind mouth and connects the esophagus and trachea Stomach • Lined with gastric glands • Muscles break food down mechanically • Pyloric sphincter valve controls the flow of food out of the stomach The Small Intestine • duodenum = further chemical breakdown and contain fingerlike-projections called villi • jejunum = further break down • ileum = absorbs nutrients, pushes undigested material into large intestine Relaxes and contracts The Small Intestine The Large Intestine • 3 parts: Ascending colon Transverse colon Descending colon • Removes water from waste material Peristalses • Muscles contract and relax to push food down Chemical Digestion Hydrolysis = break apart with water 3 Types of enzymes 1.Carbohydrases = breaks down carbohydrates (sugars) 2.Lipases = breaks down lipids (fats) 3.Proteinases = breaks down proteins Chemical Digestion Mouth • Enzyme amylase breaks down starch into sugars Stomach • Enzyme pepsin breaks down proteins Organs Involved in Digestion The Liver • Create bile salts breaks down fat globules • Detoxification The Pancreas • Source of digestive enzymes The Gall Bladder • Stores bile to digest fats http://videos.howstuffworks.com/hsw/18425-inside-storybreaking-down-digestion-video.htm http://kidshealth.org/kid/htbw/digestive_system.html