Download Part 3 – Lindsey Bernoskie

Digestive System Disorders
and Diseases!
By Vinny Fushetto
Appendicitis
• Appendicitis is an irritation,
inflammation, and infection
of the appendix.
• Appendicitis isnt a really
important part of the
immune system but if
infected can cause death.
• The appendix can rupture
48 to 72 hours if you don’t
get medical attention fast
enough.
• If you feel pain by your
appendix make sure you
seek medical attention.
Celiac Disease
• Celiac disease is a
digestive disease that
damages the small
intestine.
• Because of a sensitivity
to gluten, which is found
in wheat, rye, barley, and
oats.
• This disease interferes
with the absorption of
nutrients from food.
• If you eat gluten this
disease damages your
small intestines.
Crohns Disease
• Is a disease where an
inflammatory bowel
disease that is a extreme
condition that may occur at
various times over a
lifetime.
• Crohn's disease is also
called ileitis or enteritis.
• It damages the smaller
intestine.
• In some cases the small
and large intestines are
damaged.
Hemorrhoids
• Hemorrhoids are blood
vessels, that are in and
around the anus and
lower rectum, that have
become swollen due to
stretching and pressure.
• These are very common
in both men and women,
and about half the
population have
hemorrhoids by age 50.
• This isnt a life threatening
disease.
• Very common in pregnant
women.
Gastritis
• Gastritis is an
inflammation of the
stomach lining.
• Drinking to much alcohol
and smoking and eating
spicy food is what can
give you this disease.
• There are many different
ways that cause this
disorder but these are just
some of them.
• Stay away from
consuming to much of
these items if you don’t
want this disease.
Stomach Cancer
• Is cancer that starts in any
part of the stomach.
• It is also called gastric
cancer.
• This is a very life
threatening disease.
• A lot of people in America
pass away each year from
this disease.
• The earlier it is found and
treated the better.
Gastroparesis
• Gastroparesis is a
stomach disorder in which
the stomach takes too long
emptying out everything.
• If food remains in the
stomach for too long, it can
cause problems such as
bacterial overgrowth from
the food sitting.
• The food can also harden
in to solid masses called,
bezoars which may cause
vomiting or nausea.
Ulcers
• An ulcer is an open sore, or
lesion, usually found on the
skin or mucous membrane
areas of the body.
• About 25 million
Americans develop at least one
ulcer during their lifetime.
• 5 Million people get affected
each year due to ulcers.
• Stomach ulcers are called
gastric ulcers
• There are many different
palaces that you can have
ulcers.
Gallstones
• Gallstones are hard,
pebble-like deposits that
form inside the gallbladder.
• Gallstones may be as small
as a grain of sand or as
large as a golf ball.
• Gallstones are usually
discovered in an annual xray.
• This is not a life threatening
disease.
Sudden Illnesses/ First Aid/
Emergency of the Digestive System
Part 3 – Lindsey Bernoskie
Pictures!
What are the most common
sudden illnesses in the Digestive
System?
• Hiccups
• Heartburn/Acid Reflux
• Throw up
• Diarrhea
Useful Terms 2
• Coughing - an important way to keep your throat and
airways clear. However, excessive coughing may
mean you have an underlying problem.
• Endoscope - a procedure that uses a lighted, flexible
endoscope to see inside the upper GI tract.
• Dysentery- an inflammatory disorder of the intestine,
especially of the colon, that results in severe diarrhea
containing mucus and/or blood in the feces with fever
and abdominal pain.
• Dysbiosis- poor digestive function
• Leaky Gut Syndrome- the name given for the condition
that allows larger food particles to pass through the
gut wall.
Useful Terms
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Diarrhea- is the condition of having three or more
loose or liquid bowel movements per day.
Hiccups - is an esophageal contraction of the
diaphragm that repeats several times per minute.
Digestive System - is the mechanical and chemical
breaking down of food into smaller components that
can be absorbed into a blood stream, for instance.
Heartburn- also known as acid reflux, is a painful
and burning sensation in the esophagus, just behind
the breastbone, usually associated with regurgitation
of gastric acid.
Irritable bowel syndrome refers to a disorder of the
lower intestinal tract. It involves abdominal pain and
abnormal bowel movements. Emotional stress often
makes the symptoms worse.
What is a hiccup?
Hiccups
A Hiccup is defined as the involuntary contraction of
the diaphragm — the muscle that separates your chest from
your abdomen and plays an important role in breathing.
• Causes of hiccups
– Eating too much
– Drinking carbonated
beverages
– Excessive
consumption of
alcohol
– Sudden temperature
changes
– Excitement or
emotional stress
-Prevention of Hiccups
DON’T:
- Eat
large meals
- Drink carbonated
beverages or
alcohol
- Have Sudden
changes in
temperature
Heartburn/ Acid Reflux
Acid Reflux and Heartburn is defined as: A common
condition and an abnormal one in which acid in the stomach
rises up into the esophagus.
• Symptoms
– Burping
– Nausea after
eating
– Stomach fullness
or bloating
– Upper abdominal
pain and
discomfort
Prevention
-People with heartburn should
avoid or reduce consumption of
foods and beverages that contain
caffeine, chocolate, peppermint,
spearmint, and alcohol.
- Physicians often advise patients
with Acid Reflux to cut down on
fatty foods.
- Increasing protein may help
strengthen
-Whole grain products
-Eat fruits and vegetables,
although avoid acidic vegetables
and fruits
Diarrhea
Diarrhea is defined as: A familiar
phenomenon with unusually frequent or
unusually liquid bowel movements,
excessive watery evacuations of fecal
material.
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What are Causes of
Diarrhea?
Viruses
Bacteria and parasites
Medications
Lactose
Fructose
Artificial sweeteners
Surgery
How to treat Diarrhea?
-Drinking lots of fluids
-Eat probiotic yogurt.
-BRAT diet: bananas,
rice, apples or applesauce,
and dry toast.
-Avoid diarrhea
medications
Symptoms of Diarrhea?
-Frequent, loose,
watery stools
-Abdominal cramps
-Abdominal pain
-Fever
-Blood in the stool
-Bloating
Throw Up/ Vomit
• Throw up or vomit is defined as:To
eject part or all of the contents of the
stomach through the mouth, usually in a
series of involuntary spasmic
movements.
Symptoms Of Vomiting:
-Involuntary expulsion of food from
mouth and nose
-Increased saliva
-Dizziness
-Light-headedness
-Difficulty in swallowing food or liquid
-Changes in skin temperature
-Increase in heartbeat rate
-Increased sensitivity to certain smells
-Changes in the taste of some foods
Causes of Vomiting:
-central causes (signals from
the brain)
-association with another
illnesses
-medications and medical
treatments
Prevention: DON’T EAT
FAST or FOODS YOU
DON’T LIKE
This is a picture of acid reflux - which
is the burning in or around your
stomach from eating food.

Diarrhea causes death amongst
young children and is just too much
water in the stool. Diarrhea could also
lead to dehydration.
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The End