Download Notes Chapter #10

Chapter #10
Digestion
Chapter 10.1 Notes
• The digestive system is a group of organs
that take in food and change it into a form
the body can use.
• Digestion is the changing of food into a usable
form.
• Physical change occurs when large food is
broken down into little pieces. Chewing,
grinding.
• Chemical change turns food into a form that
cells can use called molecules.
• Enzymes are chemicals that speed up the rate
of chemical changes.
• Starch changes to glucose by a chemical
change.
Chapter 10.2 Notes
• Water, vitamins, and mineral can move
directly from your digestive system into
your body cells without being changed.
• Fats, proteins, and carbohydrates must be
acted upon by enzymes to be digested.
• Saliva is a liquid that is formed in the
mouth and that contain enzymes that
breakdown carbohydrate.
• Salivary Glands are 3 pairs of small glands
located under the tongue and behind the
jaw.
• Mouth 1 minute physical change to food and
enzyme that breaks down carbohydrates.
• Esophagus 1 minute
• Stomach 4 hours makes enzymes and HCl
Hydrochloric acid break down protein.
• Small intestine 12 hours where most of digestion
takes place.
• Villi fingerlike parts on the lining of the sm.
Intestine.
Food does
NOT pass
through
these
organs
• Pancreas makes 3 different enzymes to
breakdown fat, protein, and carbohydrates.
• Liver the largest organ in the body makes bile.
Bile is a green liquid that breaks down fat
(Physical Change).
• Gallbladder is a small baglike organ that stores
bile located under the liver.
• Large Intestine 5
hours main job is
to remove water
from digested
food.
• Anus where solid
waste leaves the
body.
• Appendix is a
small fingerlike
part found where
the small and large
intestine meet.
Does not effect
digestion.
• Digestive system is about 5 times as long as
your body (900 cm)
• Diffusion is how food gets into the blood.
• Animals that eat plants have longer digestive
systems than meat eaters.
• Simple animals only have 1 opening in the
digestive system (hydra, jellyfish, planarian)
• Tapeworms have no digestive system.
• Ulcer stomach lining
being digested
• Mucus is a thick,
sticky material that
protects the stomach
and intestinal lining
from enzymes and
HCl.
• Heartburn caused by
stomach acids
moving into the
esophagus.
• “The stomach”. January 26, 2007.
http://wappingersschools.org/RCK/staff/tea
cherhp/johnson/visualvocab/stomach%5B
1%5D.jpg
• “The Digestive System”. January 26, 2007.
http://www.teachnet.ie/farmnet/images/Dig
est3.gif
• “Heartburn”. January 29, 2007.
http://www.webmd.com/NR/rdonlyres/16E
42462-463A-44A2-B2D17D5AC35CF6E0.jpg