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GARBANZO BEAN FLOUR FORTIFIED BROWNIES By: Helen Jang & Stephanie Vielman DFM 357 Fall 2013 GARBANZO BEANS • Legume • High in protein • High in insoluble fiber • Good source of iron GARBANZO BEAN FLOUR WHEN USING IT IN BAKED GOODS, IT ENABLES THE PASTRY TO... • have more moisture • develop a finer crumb • have more nutrients CELIAC DISEASE DEFINITION: AN IMMUNE DISEASE REACTION TO GLUTEN, A PROTEIN FOUND IN WHEAT, BARLEY AND RYE. Symptoms vary greatly and can include: • Diarrhea and weight loss • Abdominal pain • Cramping • Malabsorption that can lead to deficiencies CONSTIPATION DEFINITION: THERE IS NO ONE DEFINITION. HOWEVER IN GENERAL TERMS IT IS THE INABILITY TO EVACUATE STOOL COMPLETELY OR SPONTANEOUSLY 3 OR MORE TIMES A WEEK Constipation can be due to: • Not enough fluids • Not enough fiber • Sedentary life style • Food choices FIBER INSOLUBLE •Do not dissolve in water so they are not digested by the stomach •Considered gut-healthy fiber because they have a laxative effect and bulk to the diet, helping to prevent constipation •Are found mainly in whole grains and vegetables SOLUBLE •Attract water and slow down digestion therefore delaying the emptying of the stomach •Help to help full longer •Help lower LDL “bad” cholesterol •Found in grains like oatmeal, fruits, and legumes. SHORT CHAIN FATTY ACIDS created from the digestion of insoluble fiber •Proprianate •Acetate •Butyate (most important for colon health) BUTYRATE Is an energy source for colon with absorption rate of 70-90% 1. Maintain electrolyte balance by transporting salt and water from intestines to blood stream 2. Helps with cell growth and differentiation in colon BUTYRATE 3.) Aids the colon mucosal wall by creating a barrier against potential carcinogens which are found readily in stool BUTYRATE 4.) Helps increase muscular contractions to help with the adjustment of one’s colon motility BENEFITS OF GARBANZO BEANS • • 42 participants • consuming their habitual diet for 4 weeks • a garbanzo bean supplemented diet for 12 weeks • & their habitual diet for another 4 weeks Results • Participants found that their stool had more bulk • Had easier bowel movements BENEFITS OF GARBANZO BEANS A garbanzo bean rich diet including a consumption of 140g/day cooked, drained canned garbanzo beans and garbanzo bean flour foods for 6 weeks resulted in a significant increase in dietary fiber intake in 19 healthy middle-aged volunteers OUR EXPERIMENT After experimenting we decided to use… • Control •50/50 variation brownie •100% variation brownie TESTING Objective Testing: •Wettability •Height/Volume Subjective Testing: •26 participants rated 3 brownie variations on moisture, flavor, and overall quality OBJECTIVE TESTING WETTABILITY Trials Weight (g) Weight after dipped in water (g) Trial 1 6.9g 11.7g 4.8g Trial 2 9.1g 14.4g 5.3g Trial 3 8.2g 12.5g 4.3g 4.8g Trials Weight (g) Weight after dipped in water (g) Difference in weight (g) Average Weight (g) Trial 1 7.5g 9.1g 1.6g Trial 2 9.5g 11.3g 1.8g Trial 3 7.8g 10.1g 2.3g 1.9g Trials Weight (g) Weight after dipped in water (g) Difference in weight (g) Average Weight (g) Trial 1 9.5g 12.3g 2.8g Trial 2 5.3g 8.1g 2.8g Trial 3 9.8g 13.2g 3.4g Difference in weight (g) Average Weight (g) 3g OBJECTIVE TESTING HEIGHT/VOLUME Variation Length x Width x Height (cm3) Control 2.54cm x 2.54cm x 2cm = 12.90 cm3 50% Garbanzo Bean Flour 2.54cm x 2.54cmx 2cm = 12.90 cm3 100% Garbanzo Bean Flour 2.54cm x 2.54 x 1.5cm = 9.68 cm3 SUBJECTIVE TESTING SUBJECTIVE TESTING Score Card Characteristic Please rate each item with a number. Moisture 1 = too tender, 5 = good tender Flavor 1 = poor flavor, 5 = good flavor Overall Quality 1= poor quality, 5 = good quality Sample 349 746 919