Download 4.02 U Vegetarian Diets

4.02A Keep on Track with Good
Nutrition Throughout
the Life Cycle
4.02A Keep on Track with Good Nutrition
Throughout the Life Cycle
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The Life Cycles
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Pregnancy
Lactation
Infancy (0-12 months)
Toddler (1-3 years)
Preschool (3+ years)
School-aged
Teen-aged
Adults
Older Adults (50+ years)
4.02A Keep on Track with Good Nutrition
Throughout the Life Cycle
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Pregnancy
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Nutritional Needs
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Increase calories based
upon your Doctor’s
recommendations.
Increase water, folic
acid, calcium, iron and
fiber.
Reduce sodium.
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Foods to Avoid
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Avoid caffeine, alcohol,
uncooked hot dogs,
luncheon meats, soft
cheeses, refrigerated meat
spreads, refrigerated
smoked seafood, raw milk.
No more than two meals
per week of fish high in
mercury.
4.02A Keep on Track with Good Nutrition
Throughout the Life Cycle
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Lactation
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Nutritional Needs
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Increase water, calcium,
protein, folic acid.
Increase calories based
upon body weight.
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Foods to Avoid
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Eat no more than two meals
per week of fish high in
mercury.
4.02A Keep on Track with Good Nutrition
Throughout the Life Cycle
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Infancy (0-12 months)
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Nutritional Needs
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Breastfeeding is
recommended.
When breastfeeding, use
Vitamin D supplements.
Increase iron if formula
feeding.
Mom needs Vitamin K
supplements.
Baby cereal introduced at
4 months of age.
Table food introduced at
8 months of age.
Foods to Avoid
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Avoid honey or corn syrup.
Beware of choking risks.
Eat no more than two meals
per week of fish high in
mercury.
Withhold juice until 6 months
of age.
Need whole milk for infants
up to two years of age.
4.02A Keep on Track with Good Nutrition
Throughout the Life Cycle
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Toddler (1-3 years)
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Nutritional Needs
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Increase iron.
Introduce new flavors
and textures in order to
increase the variety of
foods.
Increase self-feeding.
This becomes an
important developmental
milestone.
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Foods to Avoid
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4.02A
Eat no more than two meals per
week of fish high in mercury.
No hot dogs, nuts, seeds,
chunks of meat or cheese,
whole grapes, hard, gooey, or
sticky candy, popcorn, chunks
or peanut butter, raw
vegetables, raisins, or chewing
gum.
No more than 16-24 ounces of
milk or 4-6 ounces of juice/day.
Servings should be ¼ size of
adults.
Keep on Track with Good Nutrition
Throughout the Life Cycle
7
Preschool (3+ years)
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 Foods to Avoid
Nutritional Needs
 Eat no more than two meals
 Need same variety of
per week of fish high in
foods as adults but in
mercury.
smaller proportions.
 Serve about 2/3 of a
serving.
 Entice them with foods
that are bright in color, to
make it more appealing.
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Encourage children to try
new foods. 4.02A Keep on Track with Good Nutrition
Throughout the Life Cycle
8
School-aged
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Nutritional Needs
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Balanced diet
Three servings of
dairy daily
Daily activity based
on age, health, body
size
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Foods to Avoid
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High-sugar snacks
Fatty foods
4.02A Keep on Track with Good Nutrition
Throughout the Life Cycle
Teens
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Nutritional Needs
 Eat more
carbohydrates.
 Females need more
calcium and iron.
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Foods to Avoid
 Avoid fried and
saturated fats, excessive
salt and sugars.
4.02A Keep on Track with Good Nutrition
Throughout the Life Cycle
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Adults
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Nutritional Needs
 Follow dietary
guidelines for
Americans.
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Foods to Avoid
 Avoid excessive weight
gain and high calorie
foods.
4.02A Keep on Track with Good Nutrition
Throughout the Life Cycle
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Older Adults (50+ years)
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Nutritional Needs
 More vitamin B6,
B12, and vitamin D
and calcium.
 Follow dietary
guideline daily.
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Foods to Avoid
 Eat no more than two
meals per week of fish
high in mercury.
 No unpasteurized
cheese, raw fish, raw
milk, soft cheese,
lightly cooked egg, raw
meat or poultry or raw
sprouts.
4.02A Keep on Track with Good Nutrition
Throughout the Life Cycle
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4.02F Nutrition and Chronic
Conditions
4.02F Nutrition and Chronic Conditions
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Reducing the Risk
Consult a dietitian, nutritionist, or a physician to
prescribe one of the following:
• a special eating plan.
• medical nutrition therapy.
4.02F Nutrition and Chronic Conditions
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Chronic Conditions affected by
Nutrition
• The following chronic conditions may be affected by managing
ones eating patterns include:
 High blood cholesterol
 Hypertension/high blood pressure---consuming salt
 Obesity
 Diabetes
 Osteoporosis
 Anorexia nervosa
 Bulimia nervosa
 Binge eating
4.02F Nutrition and Chronic Conditions
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High Blood Cholesterol
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Causes
 Eating fatty (saturated
fats) foods
 Eating high cholesterol
foods
 Lack of fiber in the diet
Symptoms
 Elevated blood pressure
 Elevated HDL/LDL
levels
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Foods to include
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Low-fat or fat-free
Whole grains
Lean meats
Fish
Fresh fruits and vegetables
Foods to avoid
 Partially hydrogenated
oils
 Processed snack foods
 Highly marbled meats
4.02F Nutrition and Chronic Conditions
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Hypertension/High blood
pressure---consuming salt
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Causes
 Eating foods with a high
sodium content
 Eating foods with a high
fat content
 Low consumption of
foods containing calcium,
potassium and
magnesium.
Symptoms
 Elevated heart rate
 Shortness of breath with
exertion
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Foods to include
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Low-sodium foods
Fresh fruits and vegetables
Whole grains
Foods to avoid
 Highly processed snack
foods
 Low fiber content
 High fat foods
4.02F Nutrition and Chronic Conditions
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Obesity
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Causes
 Eating high fat content
and low-nutrient dense
foods.
 Eating oversized
portions
 Limited physical activity
 Inherited genetic traits
Symptoms
 Increased health
problems
 Elevated BMI rating
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4.02F Nutrition and Chronic Conditions
Foods to include
 Smaller portions
 Reduced-fat or fat free
 Whole grains
 Fish
 Fresh fruits and
vegetables
Foods that Impact
 Highly processed snack
foods
 Low-fiber content
 High-fat foods
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Diabetes- Type II
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Causes
 Eating foods high in
sugar
 Excessive body weight
 Low consumption of
fiber
Symptoms
 Excessive thirst
 Fatigue
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http://www.youtube.co
m/watch?v=sTgBvJsH
cCk
4.02F
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Nutrition and Chronic Conditions
Foods to include
 Low-sugar and sugarfree
 Protein foods
 Whole grains
 Reduced-fat and fatfree
Foods to avoid
 Foods that are high in
sugar
 Foods that are high in
carbohydrates
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Osteoporosis
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Causes
 Lack of calcium and
exercise
Symptoms
 Brittle bones or bones
that break easily
 Hormonal changes
 Deficiency of vitamin
D
4.02F
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Nutrition and Chronic Conditions
Foods to include
 Calcium and vitaminrich foods
 Foods high in
phosphorous
 Dark green leafy
vegetables
Foods to avoid
 Caffeine
 Soft drinks
 Alcohol
 Tobacco products
20
Eating Disorders
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3 Types of Eating Disorders (Mental
Health Guru) - YouTube
Anorexia Nervosa
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Causes
An unrealistic body image
 Peer pressure to be thin
Symptoms
 Eating rituals
 Extensive exercise
 Obsession with dieting
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4.02F Nutrition and Chronic Conditions
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Bulimia Nervosa
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Causes
 Guilt associated by over eating
 The need to control weight by any means.
Symptoms
 Tooth decay
 Blistered hands
 Ruptured esophagus
4.02F
Nutrition and Chronic Conditions
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Binge Eating
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Causes
 Feeling depressed
 Guilt
Symptoms
 Consuming 3000 to 5000 calories and day
 Excessive weight gain
4.02F
Nutrition and Chronic Conditions
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4.02 U Vegetarian Diets
4.02U
Vegetarian Diets
26
Four Types of Vegetarian Diets
Vegan
 Lacto-Vegetarian
 Ovo-Vegetarian
 Lacto-ovo-Vegetarian
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4.02U
Vegetarian Diets
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Vegan
o
Characteristics
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Eat only food from plant
sources
4.02U
Vegetarian Diets
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Lacto-Vegetarian
•
Characteristics
o Eat foods from plant sources and dairy
products.
4.02U
Vegetarian Diets
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Ovo-Vegetarian
•
Characteristics
o Eat foods from plant sources and
eggs.
4.02U
Vegetarian Diets
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Lacto-Ovo-Vegetarian
•
Characteristics
 Eat foods from plant sources, dairy
products and eggs.
4.02U
Vegetarian Diets
31
4.02R Foods I “MOST
WANTED”
4.02R
Foods I Most Wanted
Why do some foods make me
sick?
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Food sensitivities fall into two
classifications these include:
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food allergies
food intolerance
4.02R
Foods I Most Wanted
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Food Allergies
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The FDA now requires that all food allergens be clearly
identified on food labels.
Foods that are common food allergens include:
 Milk
 Eggs
 Peanuts
 Wheat
 Soy
 Shellfish
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=S8UhJXr2pXc&fea
Foods I Most Wanted
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ture=related 4.02R
Food Intolerance
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a physical reaction to food but does not
involve the immune system. An
intolerance usually is a less serious
digestive problem and may include:
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Lactose intolerance (milk)
Gluten intolerance (wheat protein)
4.02R
Foods I Most Wanted
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